THE EISE OF MAN BREASTED 427 



not the walls of the Stone Age house itself. The base of a fallen wall of 

 the latter may be seen at the left. The roof of the house fell in thousands 

 of years ago, but the stump of a wooden post which once supported the 

 roof is shown here as it was found, still standing on its stone base. 

 Figure 2. Filming a corner of the palace terrace at Persepolis. This enormous 

 terrace surrounded by a massive retaining wall, in places 50 feet high, con- 

 tains about 150,000 square meters. The earliest palaces on the terrace were 

 erected by Darius in the latter part of the sixth century B. C. and were 

 followed by those of Xerxes and his successors. They were burned by 

 Alexander the Great after his capture of the place in 330 B. C. 



Plate 6 



Figure 1. The great Palestinian mound under which the famous fortress city 

 of Armageddon (Megiddo) is buried. The expedition house is seen at the 

 left. The top of the mound is about 13 acres in extent, and the accumu- 

 lated rubbish of ancient ruins is 40 to 50 feet in depth. When the institute 

 began work here, the mound was covered with growing grain cultivated by 

 peasants such as are seen here in the foreground. The mound was then 

 expropriated and purchased by the Palestine government with funds fur- 

 nished by the Oriental Institute. The expedition of the institute has been 

 at work here five years clearing and studying the successive strata of 

 the ancient ruins. 



FiGUEE 2. Model of the stables of Solomon discovered by the Megiddo expedi- 

 tion. The condition of the ancient building as found is reproduced to 

 scale at the right-hand end. The adjoining cross section of one of the 

 stables discloses their interior arrangement. Rows of horses faced each 

 other on either side of a central passage used by the grooms for feeding 

 the horses. Two completely reconstructed stables are seen at the left. 

 Part of Solomon's income was derived from his large-scale operations in 

 horse trading. These were of sufiicieut interest to lead the Hebrew 

 historians to refer to them in the Old Testament (I. Kings 9:15-19; 

 II Chron. 1:14-17). 



Plate 7 



Figure 1. Part of the Egyptian hall in the new Oriental Institute building at 

 Chicago. In the background the exhibit of Assyrian sculpture begins with 

 the great winged bull. These mysterious creatures were the " cherubim " 

 of the Old Testament, so seriously misunderstood by later Christian art. 

 The figure served as the sculptural embellishment forming one side of a 

 palace gateway in the residence of Sargon II (eighth century B. C.) at 

 Khorsabad. It is carved in calcareous stone similar to alabaster, is 16 feet 

 high, and weighs 40 tons. 



Figure 2. Sculptures on the front of the Oriental Institute building (designed 

 by Ulric W. EUerhusen, of New York City). This sculpture is a relief 

 adorning the tympanum over the entrance door of the Oriental Institute 

 building. It is intended to suggest the transition of civilization from the 

 ancient Orient to the West. The East, on the left, is symbolized by the 

 tall figaire of an Egyptian scribe confronting the vigorous and aggressive 

 figure of the West. The East carries over his right shoulder a palette 

 and writing outfit, and the West has just received from him a tablet 

 bearing an ancient hieroglyphic inscription suggestive of the transition 

 of writing from the Orient to the West. This inscription, which reads 

 " I have beheld thy beauty," is taken from a Fifth Dynasty temple inscrip- 



