222 RECORD OF SCIENCE FOR 1887 AND 1888. 



North Carolina. — By tlio death of State Geoloiifist W. C Kerr, m 1884, 

 a large amouut of geologic material was left amoug the State archives 

 in crude condition; and in order that this material might bo rendered 

 avaihible to the State, Prof. Joseph A. Holmes, of the State University, 

 at Chapel Hill, was appointed to collate, digest, and publish it. This 

 report, which represents the work of the State survey during the bi- 

 ennial period, is now in press. 



Ohio. — The activity of the State geologic survey of Ohio declined 

 with the publication of the elaborate series of final reports by Dr. J. S. 

 Newberry during the period 1873-1878; but the economic results to which 

 the scientific investigations reported upon in these volumes were pre- 

 liminary were subsequently elaborated au<l expanded by Dr. Newberry's 

 successor, Prof. Edward Orton, of the State University. During the 

 biennial period there was renewed activity in economic investigation 

 under the stimulus of the discovery of rock gas and petroleum in large 

 quantities within the State ; and two editions of a j)reliminary report 

 upon these substances, together with an elaborate final report upon the 

 various mineral resources of the State, have been published since the 

 beginning of 1887. 



Pennsylvania —The most elaborate geologic survey ever conducted 

 under the auspices of a single American State was recently made in 

 Pennsylvania. As the local studies in various counties approached 

 completion the results were published in seventy or eighty octavo vol- 

 umes ; the activity of the survey then diminished somewhat, and the 

 energies of the director. Dr. J. P. Lesley, and his chief assistant, 0. A. 

 Ashburner, were directed toward the digestion of the material thus 

 collected and the preparation of final reports. Annual reports have 

 however been regularly issued; and during the biennial period advance 

 sheets of a dictionary of fossils, which although primarily paleontologic 

 is designed for the use of geologists, have also been issued. 



Texas.— T\\Q second State geologic survey created within the bien- 

 nial period is that of Texas, instituted and endowed liberally iu 1888, 

 with E. T. Dumble as State geologist, and provision for two or more 

 assistants. No ]iublications have thus far appeared. 



Wyoming.— A. Territorial geologist (Louis D. Kicketts) has been em- 

 ployed in investigating the geologic structure and mineral resources of 

 this Territory during the biennial period, and an annual report cover- 

 ing the operations during 1887 has been published. 



EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 



There are a number of universities and colleges in America which 

 promote geologic science by providing (sometimes indirectly) for origi- 

 nal investigations on the part of officers and pupils, and by publish- 

 ing the results of these investigations. 



Colorado State School of Mines.— In this institution researches in 

 geology, mineralogy, mining, etc., are prosecuted by the president. Dr. 



