664 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. 



try rich in gold, and carrying round their necks mirrors of gold at the 

 time of Colombo's visit in 1502. 



The Vosgian Gymnasium is responsible for the christening, but it is 

 certain that no one of the other members, except Basin, had any en- 

 thusiasm about it, or even any sympathy with it, for no one of them 

 uses the word America in any of their publications. The proof-reader 

 (castigator) Martin Hylacomylus ( Waltzemiiller) wrongly credited as the 

 God-father of the New World, was not a partisan of the name America, 

 for he does not use it in any of his publications, not even on his map of 

 the New World of the Ptoleme of 1513, called only Terra nove, without 

 the name America anywhere. The canon Gauthier Lud, secretary of 

 the Due of Lorraine, did not use it in his : Speculi orhis declaratio, etc., 

 1507, and Eiugmann, the Vosgian poet and professor of cosmography 

 (geography) at St. Die and afterward at Basel, never quoted it. 



The only publication in which the name America is found, after the 

 proposition of the Vosgian Gymnasium in 1507, is in the " Globus 

 muudi," 1509, Strasburg, without nameof author, but which is attributed 

 to Jean Basin, the translator of the " Quatuor Navigationes," and the 

 true God-father of the New World, and there it is found only once in 

 the chapter De Descriptio Terra;. 



IN 1515 THE NAME AMERICA IS ALREADY POPULAR. 



John Shoener, of Bamberg, in his " Luculentissima qufedam terrse 

 totius descriptio, etc.," published in 1515, makes the important and sig- 

 nificant remark that the name America was already accepted, used, and 

 popular. How can the name have been popular in 1515, when it has 

 been impossible to find it printed on a single map, and in no other books 

 than the small and extremely rare pamphlets of the GosmograpMce Intro- 

 ductio and the Globus mundi f To be sure, some maps with the name 

 America may have existed then; but not one of them has reached us, 

 all having been destroyed, for the preservation of maps is more diffi- 

 cult than the preservation of pamphlets, especially when the maps are 

 on a large scale. Only during the first quarter, and even half, of the 

 sixteenth century all the printed maps were small, on account of the ma- 

 terial difficulties in their engraving and the writing of names on them ; 

 and their preservation was facilitated by their publication in books in 

 which they were inserted, like the Ptolemeys. Large-scale maps existed 

 then in manuscript, and besides the map of Juan de la Cosa of 1500, the 

 map of Sebastian Cabot of 1544, and many others now existing in the 

 archives of Europe, we know with certainty that many more have been 

 destroyed or lost, among them all the maps of Vespucci and the first 

 map of Sebastian Cabot. 



The only dated map we possess now with the name America, is the 

 one of Apianus (Pierre Bienewitz), inserted in the "Polyhistor" of 

 Solinus, 1520. The Ptoleme of 1522, of Strasburg, gave the same map, 

 with the name America. Laurent Frisius or Phrisius of Metz, is the 



