70 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1951 



most part along the course of the old Federal Road, which passed 

 through the Cherokee country to the Tennessee settlements. A brief 

 study was made of the Vann House which was built between 1805 

 and 1813 to serve as an inn for people traveling along the Federal 

 Road and stands on a high knoll overlooking the Chattahoochee River 

 about iy2 miles from the present town of Oscarville. It is one of 

 the few Indian country taverns still standing. In its present form 

 the structure shows several periods of enlargement, but the old original 

 portion is readily discernible, and careful study of it should produce 

 interesting data on the nature of the taverns of the period when built. 



The search for the remains of Fort Charlotte, in the Clark Hill 

 Reservoir area, showed that it was located on the South Carolina 

 side of the Savannah River, but inasmuch as it will be inundated by 

 the Clark Hill Reservoir, the dam for which is being built in Georgia, 

 investigation of the site is considered to be a part of the Georgia 

 project. Fort Charlotte, built in 1765 as one of the Colonial defenses 

 against the Cherokee Indians, was seized on July 12, 1775, by South 

 Carolina troops — one of the first overt acts of defiance by the rebellious 

 Colonies against the British Government. It continued to be occupied 

 by Colonial troops until the close of the Revolutionary War. Because 

 of the lack of accurate information about the actual physical character 

 of the fort and the fact that certain phases of its history correlate 

 with Indian activities in that area, it is hoped that all remaining 

 evidence pertaining to it can be retrieved from the site before it is 

 inundated. 



Kentucky. — During the period April 16 to May 18 Douglas W. 

 Schwartz, field assistant, made a reconnaissance and carried on limited 

 test excavations in the basin to be flooded by the proposed Celina 

 Reservoir on the Cumberland River, in southern Kentucky. He lo- 

 cated 24 archeological sites, representing a number of cultural periods ; 

 further work in the area probably would make it possible to establish 

 a sequence for them. Excavations in six major sites have been recom- 

 mended, but inasmuch as all of them are above the pool line there is 

 no immediate urgency for their investigation. Their location is such, 

 however, that after the reservoir is filled they may be subject to some 

 wave action and will be easily available to unauthorized diggers. 

 Consequently, plans should be made for additional work in that 

 district. 



The survey in the Celina area was done in cooperation with the 

 University of Kentucky, which furnished Mr. Schwartz with the 

 necessary transportation and provided him with office and laboratory 

 space for working over his material. Dr. William S. Webb, head 

 of the university's department of anthropology, assisted Mr. Schwartz 

 in an advisory capacity. 



