82 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1951 



Pe7i7isylvania. — Investigations in Pennsylvania consisted of two sur- 

 vey projects. During October a reconnaissance was made of the Cone- 

 maugh River Reservoir in Indiana and Westmoreland Counties and 

 of the East Branch Reservoir on the Clarion River in Elk and McKean 

 Counties. The dam for the Conemaugh Reservoir, situated near Tun- 

 nelton, is scheduled for completion by December 1951. The reservoir 

 will flood approximately 21 miles of the Conemaugh River and 11 

 miles of one of its larger branches, the Black Lick Creek. Within 

 the pool area eight archeological sites were located. Of this group 

 only one was deemed worthy of further exploration and excavation. 

 It covers about 10 acres and is located on one of the larger terrace 

 bottoms above the river near an old fording place. An Indian trail, 

 the Venango, is supposed to have crossed the river at that point. 

 The East Branch Reservoir apparently is located in a district where 

 there was little aboriginal occupation because no archeological sites 

 were found there. Tliis probably may be attributed to the fact that 

 the reservoir will fill a narrow V-shaped valley which was not suitable 

 for Indian inhabitation. The surveys in Pennsylvania were made by 

 Ralph S. Solecki. 



Texas. — The River Basin Surveys in Texas continued to operate 

 from the base and headquarters furnished by the department of an- 

 thropology of the University of Texas at Austin. Robert L. Stephen- 

 son was in charge from July 1 until April 15, when he was granted 

 an extended leave of absence. Edward B. Jelks then assumed direc- 

 tion of the project. During the fiscal year surveys were begun and 

 completed in the Ferrell's Bridge Reservoir on Cypress Creek in north- 

 east Texas and in the Granite Shoals Reservoir on the Colorado River 

 in central Texas. Excavations were continued and brought to comple- 

 tion in two field sessions in the Lavon Reservoir on the East Fork of 

 the Trinity River, wliile the first field session at Garza-Little Elm 

 Reservoir on the Elm Fork of the Trinity resulted in the excavation 

 of two sites and the brief testing of three others. Excavations were 

 also started and brought to completion in three sites in the Falcon 

 Reservoir on the Rio Grande. The excavation of two sites and testing 

 of tliree othei*s were completed in the Belton Reservoir on the Leon 

 River in central Texas. 



The excavations started the previous year in the Lavon Reservoir 

 were completed on August 2, with recommendation for additional 

 excavation to be undertaken during the spring of 1951. The work 

 there included excavation of over 40 percent of tlie large circular 

 pit in the Hogge Bridge site as well as several test squares and several 

 deep-strata squares outside the pit. The purpose for which the pit 

 was built is still unknown, but it was determined that the site is a pure 

 component of the newly delineated Wylie Focus. This is a culture 

 complex probably overlapping the latter part of Gibson aspect and 



