84 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1951 



a bulldozer was used for a total of 221/2 hours. This provided exten- 

 sive stratigraphic trenches through the pit and the midden areas in 

 tlie Branch and Hogge Bridge sites and one long exploratory trench 

 in the Campbell Hole site. The use of a bulldozer for this work proved 

 very satisfactory, and little material damage was done to the artifacts 

 or the features encountered. 



The first field session at the Garza-Little Elm Keservoir was begun 

 on May 7 and continued until June 13. Extensive excavations were 

 completed in the Lake Dallas and Ledbetter sites and brief tests were 

 made at the Pease and Craft sites. One of the few large Archaic sites 

 in this area, the Lake Dallas site, yielded artifacts that should be 

 valuable in the integration of the Archaic complexes of northeast 

 Texas. At the Ledbetter site — one of the most extensive local examples 

 of the later agriculture-pottery period — an interesting group of arti- 

 facts was found that suggests contacts with both the Caddoan peoples 

 to the east and the peoples who lived to the west and southwest. 



At the Granite Shoals Reservoir, surveyed during February and 

 March by Robert H. Humphreys, 12 archeological sites were located 

 and recorded. They are all open occupational areas along the narrow 

 valley of the Colorado River. None are extensive or deeply stratified, 

 and since some information is on record from sites both upstream and 

 downstream from this project no further investigations are recom- 

 mended. Such evidence as was found during the reconnaissance and 

 testing indicated that the Granite Shoals region probably was occu- 

 pied by people of the Round Rock and Uvalde Foci over a period of 

 many centuries. 



Dr. Theodore E. Wliite spent the first 2 weeks in April in the 

 Austin laboratory identifying the faunal remains from the archeologi- 

 cal excavations of the Whitney, Lavon, Belton and Falcon Reservoirs. 

 During the remainder of April and the first week of May, he collected 

 fossils from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Lavon Reservoir. 

 He devoted most of May to investigations at the Garza-Little Elm 

 Reservoir, where he located and collected several vertebrate specimens 

 of Pleistocene age. They included a bison skull, a turtle, and a horse 

 jaw. 



When he was not in the field, Robert L. Stephenson, archeologist, 

 devoted his time to analysis and study of the archeological materials 

 from the Lavon and Wliitney Reservoirs and in organizing and pro- 

 gramming the work for the various field parties sent out from the 

 Austin headquarters. He completed an article on "Culture Chronol- 

 ogy in Texas," which was published in American Antiquity, and fin- 

 ished a paper, "The Hogge Bridge Site and the Wylie Focus," for 

 publication in the same periodical. 



Edward B. Jelks, archeologist, assisted Mr. Stephenson in the field 

 and laboratory throughout the year until April 15, when he took 



