ELECTRONICS — ZWORYRIN 241 



not only transmits the video signals from the camera to the kinescope, 

 but, in the opposite direction, transmits electric power and center- 

 ing, focusing, and deflection signals from the control unit to the 

 camera. 



The small dimensions of the new camera tubes also lend themselves 

 well to their employment in color-television cameras transmitting 

 simultaneously picture signals for the three primary-color components 

 of the picture. Perhaps of even greater value in many practical ap- 

 plications is the observation of objects in three dimensions, made 

 possible by the employment of a stereotelevision camera. Here two 

 vidicon tubes, with a pair of objectives controlled by a single focusing 

 movement, are mounted side by side. In viewing the stereoreceiver 

 linked to the camera, the eyes of the observer are in effect translated to 

 the position of the two stereocamera objectives, and, at the same time, 

 endowed with the greatly increased focusing range or "accommoda- 

 tion" of the latter. 



An example where such three-dimensional observation is partic- 

 ularly valuable is the presentation of surgical operations to medical 

 students. Here the relative spatial position of the surgeon's tools, 

 the incision, and the organs on which the operation is performed is 

 of primary importance. The same also applies, of course, wherever 

 television is employed for instruction in mechanical operations. The 

 immediacy and flexibility of television demonstrations as compared, 

 for example, with demonstrations by means of motion-picture film 

 should render them an exceedingly effective aid in the process of 

 education. 



In the development of networks of television broadcasting stations 

 we have witnessed the use of microwave links paralleling that of 

 coaxial cables. In industrial television, too, situations arise which 

 can only be met by the use of such links, even though this materially 

 complicates control problems. Examples are the transfer of visual 

 information from the ground to aircraft and vice versa, for example, 

 as an aid to navigation, the transmission of scientific data from rockets, 

 and the sending of astronomical information from balloon-mounted 

 telescopes at a sufficiently high altitude to escape major atmospheric 

 disturbances. The extraordinary range of applications of television 

 is best realized when it is recognized that television does for the sense 

 of sight what radio and the telephone have done for the sense of 

 hearing. Insofar as the amount of intelligence acquired by the 

 average person through vision is incomparably greater than that ac- 

 quired through hearing, we can safely predict that the revolution 

 wrought in our lives by television in its various forms may materially 

 exceed that brought about by the development of means for auditory 

 communication. 



