GEOGRAPHY. 555 



liver banks are about two yards high, the stream beiug about 15 feet 

 deep and 200 yards wide. Manjobo's kraal on the east side is called 

 Emkontweni, "the place where the spear is stuck in the ground." The 

 kraal of the Cliobbas, or Machappas, is on the Limpopo, about 12 miles 

 north of the Shangau Eiver, which enters the former from the eastward, 

 and is otherwise known as the Luizo or Mitti Eiver. From a hill just 

 eastward of the Shangan, the ])lain of Baleni could be seen extending 

 NW. and SE, as far as the eye could reach, and about 25 miles in width. 

 In the rainy season the plain is an immense pool or lake, and all the 

 kraals are deserted for several months. The Shangau is salt, but good 

 water can be had by digging. The people call themselves Ama Shan- 

 gani, and all adults speak more or less Zulu, which is the language of 

 the " court." Thence to Inhambane, took nine days through a most 

 populous country. Biugwana, a kraal of about 5,000 inhabitants, is 

 about four days from Inhambane, on the river of the same name, a deep 

 but narrow stream abounding in sea-cows. The route was considerably 

 south of the one taken in 1884. 



The Dutch exploring expedition into Portuguese West Africa has been 

 so unfortunate as to lose its leader, young Mr. I). D. Veth, who died 

 from disease on May 19, 1885, in camp on the banks of the Kala-Kanga 

 Eiver, between Benguella and Humpata. 



In the October number of Petermann's Mittheilungen, is the first part 

 of an account of the journey of the Austrian explorers, Drs. Paulitschke 

 and von Hardegger, to Harar, by the former. It is accompanied by a 

 map of the districts traversed. The concluding papers appear in the 

 December number, in which will also be found an account and map of 

 Menge's second journey in Somali-land. 



A fresh expedition in Somali-land has been undertaken by P. L. and 

 W. D. James, who write from Berbera that they intend to traverse the 

 Habr Gerhajis' country to Lebiholii, whence five days over the desert 

 will bring them to Ogaden. 



The chief geographical societies in Germany have resolved to erect 

 a monument to the late Dr. Nachtigal, who died April 24, on board the 

 German gunboat "Mowe", off the west coast of Africa, on Cape Palraas, 

 where he lies buried. It is intended to have it so large that it will serve 

 as a landmark to seamen. 



The work done by Lieutenant Wissmann, in his exploration of the 

 Kassai Eiver, the great southern tributary of the Congo, is second in 

 importance only to the discovery of the Congo itself. It will seriously 

 modify the conjectural geography of that portion of Africa. He found 

 the river to be of immense volume, and navigable from its junction with 

 the Lulua. He found the Sankuru and the Lubilash to be one river 

 which instead of flowing northward to the Congo, turns westward and 

 joins the Kassai. As it approaches the Congo the Kassai receives the 

 great Koango, and enters the main river by the Kwamouth, after re- 

 ceiving the water of Lake Leopold. Thus the river which on Stanley's 



