904 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



the point and extending entirely across it. Oyster shells formed the 

 major part of the pile. Several holes had been dug into the surface 

 which, with the general appearance of the place, indicated that it had 

 frequently been visited. The rocks of which the point is mainly formed 

 and from which the point was named, consists of fossil coral. The ma- 

 terial for many of the rough implements found in this vicinity evidently 

 came from this point. 



Most of the surface specimens yielded by this heap were found at or 

 near the base of the slanting sides of the pile. In addition to arrow- 

 heads, scrapers and rough-shaped implements of quartz, we found 

 pottery aud quite a variety of shell and bone implements, the latter 

 being entirely new to us. Among these were several celts quite similar 

 to those illustrated in " The Archaeological Collection," p. 67, figs. 254 

 and 25?, also chisels, gouges, pendaats, and beads made from the colu- 

 mella of large shells, and smaller chisels made from bone, besides other 

 rough pieces which we suppose were implements of some kind. One 

 piece of pottery was ornamented with impressions of a long spiral shell 

 of the genera Cerithum. Xear by we found large numbers of live speci- 

 mens of this shell, some of which quite closely fitted the depressions in 

 this piece of pottery. 



On the land of Colonel Culbreath, about 2 miles from Tampa, and on 

 the shore of Old Tampa Bay, is what is termed a " shell hummock." 

 It is cultivated as an orange grove and a market garden. It was prob- 

 ably once an immense shell heap, but now it is scattered over several 

 acres. A little to one side of the center of the lot the ground is slightly 

 elevated and nearly or quite half of the surface material is shell. From 

 this point the shells are less numerous, as they are sj)read out in all di- 

 rections, growing gradually less until the soil is free from them. Here 

 we found an abundance of quartz implements and worked pieces of ill- 

 shaped forms, that might or might not have been intended for imple- 

 ments. Others were of fossil coral limestone, like the coral at Eocky 

 Point farther uj) the bay. Some pieces of the quartz and coral were 

 nearly spherical, the whole (in some c^-ses only a part) of the surface 

 having been formed by chipping. Perhaps, in the absence of natural 

 pebbles in this section, these had been worked out for use as a substi- . 

 tute ; perhaps to use as club heads, incased with rawhide. We found 

 rough and somewhat rounded pieces of fossil coral with pit holes on 

 opposite sides, and a single piece of soapstone, about one and a half inch 

 in diameter by half an inch thick, but its surface was not worked suf- 

 ficiently to show its use. I refer to it only because it is a material which 

 has not to my knowledge ever been found in nature within several hun- 

 dred miles of South Florida. 



Of shell and bone implements we found all the kinds collected at 

 Eocky Point, celts, gouges, pendants, beads, and also the columella of 

 small couchs, worked into small round shafts pointed at each end. 

 Some of the columella of the larger conchs were worked to a point on 

 one end. There were triangular and other shbped pieces of the shells 



