212 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



The neck ornameuts of tbe wouien in this regiou are very pretty and 

 of great variety, being wrought chiefly from nuts, shells, beads, grass, 

 feathers, and leather. Necklaces are frequently made of the seed of the 

 jjiFion tree by grinding off both ends, removing the fleshy poition and 

 stringing. When the ends are ground oif diagonally and the seeds 

 strung, alternately leaning to right and left, they form a pretty zigzag 

 effect on their strings. Smaller pine seeds are formed into necklaces 

 variegated here and there with white beads or shells. A valuable speci- 

 men in this line is a necklace of nine hundred shells of Olivella bipUcaia 

 strung by grinding off' the apexes. 



A very pretty kind of woman's necklace is made of bunches of grass 

 cord and several cords in each bunch. Each cord consists of a bunch 

 of grass leaves, sewed with a delicate cord of grass thread and at in- 

 tervals with bands of yellow, red, and black yarn, the cord when 

 served being less than oae-eighth inch thick. Hanging on the neck, 

 this crescent- shaped object forms a very attractive ornament. The shell 

 necklaces are of three varieties, dentalium and olivella strung length- 

 wise, disks of olivella strung as wampum, and cylindrical necklaces of 

 clam-shell disks. 



Dance dresses of deer skin are worn by women on occasions of cere- 

 mony. There are three of these of extraordinary elaborateness in 

 Lieutenant Eay's collection, in general outline alike, and differing only 

 in details. (Fig. 42.) They are made of soft deer-skin, a little over 3 

 feet long, 2 feet 9 inches wide at bottom, and widening upward. At 

 the top two strips are left about a foot long, to come over the shoulders 

 as lapels. The lower 9 inches of the bottom are slit into strings oue- 

 eiglith inch wide. To increase the fringe a series of holes is made 

 across the bottom, 2 inches above the top of the fringe, ^ inch apart. 

 Into the first pair of holes two long strings of buckskin are looped mak- 

 ing four strands of fringe. The inner one of these holes and tlie next 

 hole receive two more strings, and so on. Excepting the two end ones, 

 each hole has four strands passing through it. Hereby we have a very 

 heavy fringe of buckskin, sometimes hanging down 18 inches. The 

 body of the cloak or cape is plain. The upper part, forming a turn- 

 down collar and lapel, is very gracefully decorated, thus : 



About 6 inches are slit into much narrower strands than those at the 

 bottom. Each strand is wrapped with the grasses used in basketry 

 and with maiden-hair f^rn to produce jiatterns. All of these strands 

 are gathered at the top of these wrappings by a row of twined weaving 

 with the cord used in making nets. Then half an inch of naked leather 

 strings is left, succeeded by a row of twined weaving, half an inch of 

 wrapped strands, half an inch of naked strands, 1 inch of wra[)ping^ 

 2 inches of naked strands, half an inch of wrapping, a narrow strip of 

 naked strands, 1 of wrapping, 1 of naked strands, half an inch of 

 wrapping, and finally the ends of the strands as fringe. In one case a 

 brass sewing thimblo is attached to each straut\ to mak^ iijiugUag 



