220 PAPERS EELATING TO ANTHPtOPOLOGY. 



We have, again, a little pipe no larger than some cigarette holders. 

 (Fig. GO.) Except in its diminutive size and simplicity it might have 

 served as a model for the three to be next described, or for the type 

 specimen mentioned at the head of this list. Length, 2| inches ; greatest 

 widtli, three-fourths of an inch; depth of bowl, |ths of an inch. (See 

 Powers, Fig. 43.) 



Tbey likewise use a tapering pipe of hard wood, 12^ inches long, 1§ 

 inches wide at the larger end. What may be called the stem is 7| 

 inches long. The other portion is carved by a series of O'jtagons and 

 chamfers which give to the specimen quite an ornamental appearance. 

 (Fig. 09.) The bowl is Jths of an inch wide and 2 inches deep. This ex- 

 ample has been smoked a great deal, being charred very much in the 

 bowl. (Collected by Livingston Stone. Compare Figs. 2 and 5, Plate 

 IX, Dr. Abbott's paper in Wheeler's Survej^ West of One Hundredth 

 Meridian, Vol. VIL) 



Other beautifully finished pipes of the same type, evidently turned 

 in a lathe to please the Hupa fancy, are kept with the greatest care in 

 leather pouches made for the purpose. (Figs. 71, 73.) They are made 

 of different woods highly polished. The remarkable feature is the bowl 

 of serpentine set in a tapering shouldered socket at the wide end of the 

 stem, and the whole turned and polished. The bowl is a conical cavity 

 in serpentine. 



The next example consists of a pipe and case. The pipe has a stem 

 shaped like a club or ball bat, and a bowl of compact steatite. In gen- 

 eral features pipes of tlris class resemble the cigarette holder, and they 

 are found among the Utes and Mohaves, as well as in the mounds. 



When it is remembered that many Indians recline while smoking, it 

 will be seen that this is the only sensible form of the pipe for them. 



Their tobacco pouches of busket-work are ovoid in form and hold 

 about 1 quart. (Plate viii, Fig. G7.) They are made of twined weav- 

 ing in bands of brown and checkered grass, so common in the basketry 

 of the Klaniaths as to be typical. Six buckskin loops are attaclied to 

 the rim of this basket in such a manner that their apexes meet in the 

 center of the opening. A long string is fastened to the apex of one 

 loop and passed through all the others serially to close the mouth of the 

 pouch. Height, G inches; width of mouth, 2i inches. 



BASKET-MAKING. 



The basket-making of these Indians belongs exclusively to the twined 

 pattern of weaving, as that of the more southern California tribes 

 belongs to the coiled type. (Fig. 74.) (Smithson. An. Eep. Pt. II. p. 

 299, and pi. xviii, xix.) 



From willow twigs and pine roots, says Mr. Powers, they weave large 

 roundmats for holding acorn flour; varioussized, flattisli, squash shaped 

 baskets, water tight; deep conical ones of about a bushel capacity, to 

 be carried on the back, and others to be used at pleasure as drinking- 



