238 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



MiMULUS LUTEUS. Mask flower. Oue of the Scropbulariacise. Used 

 for greens in the spring. 



Mushroom. Eaten raw or roasted. 



NicoTiANA QUADRivALYis, Gray, IST. PLUiMBAGiNiFOLTA, Bolander. 

 Logon, in Yokuts. Wild tobacco. Smoked alone or mixed with 

 manzanita leaves. Lias a pungent, peppery taste. Said to have 

 been rudely cultivated or protected by the Indians by keeping 

 down inimical weeds. This primitive agriculture is probable, since 

 the Pimos of Southern California have a planting festival in the 

 spring, when they climb the mountains and insert gourd seeds into 

 congenial crevices of the rocks, leaving them to grow.- In autumn 

 they return to gather the harvest of gourds, v.'hich enter largely 

 into their domestic economy. The Yokuts dry their tobacco, beat 

 it very fine, then wet and compress it into large, solid lumps. It 

 is used frequently as a poultice on cuts. Professor Watson thinks 

 the Nicotiana higelovii is the original of the quadrivalvis. 



Parmelta SAXICOLA. a greenish-gray lichen, from which a tea is 

 made as a remedy for colic. 



Pellea bkeweri, Eaton. A kind of fern used as tea. 



Phacelia. There are thirty five species of this Hydrophyllaceous 

 plant. Mr. Powers mentions Phacelia in the Indian botany, but 

 does not give the use. 



Phoradendron viLLOSUM, Engelm. Oak mistletoe. Smoked by 

 Chimariko as a substitute for tobacco. 



PHOTINIA ARBUTIFOLIA, Lilldl., IIeTEROMELES ArBUTIFOLIA, lloc- 



mer. California Holly. Berries eaten with relish. 

 PiNUS EDULis, Engelm. Nut or silver pine. The piiion pine, the 

 most useful tree to northern California Indians. JN^nts for food, 

 poultice, dress, nnd jewelry. Inner bark, buds, aud cone cores 

 used for food when tender in the spring. Pitch placed on sores, 

 arrow wouiuls, etc. Cone core and bunch-grass boiled together for 

 hair-dj^e. 



PiNUS LAMBERTIANA, Dougl., P. FlEXILIS, JameS, P. SABINIANA, 



Dougl. All furnish nuts for food aud the shells are worked into 



necklaces and other ornaments. 

 QuERCUS AGUiFOLius, N6e. Nishinam eat the acorns. 

 QuERCUS GAMBELii. Usiu, ill Yokuts. White oak. Acorns used most 



commonly for food. 

 Q. LOBATA, N(je. Q. Breweri, Eugelui. Ein'min, in Yokuts. Burr 



oak. Staple food, but inicrior to Q. Gambellii. 

 Q. DENSIFLORA. Chestuut oak. For food. 

 Q. SONOMENSIS, Benth. Q. Kellogii, Newberry. The black oak. 



Acorns eaten when no others are i^rocurable. 

 Q. WiSLiZENiA, A. II. The live-oak. The Nishinam eat the acorns 



when they can i)rocure no other. 



