268 



PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



forms tlic pillow. The«e ni.i;s arc iiKule by !sc%vin.i;- tlirotigli the rnsbes, 

 just as if strini;iiig tboiii together on a hempen twine. The ne«'(lle is 

 made from the ulna of the albatross's wing. A wooden ereasin- is used 

 to rub down the seams of the mat. The beds are protected from the 

 weather by rush or tiag matting fastened nj)on the wall. Each family 

 living in a lodge has its own separate tire, built upon the ground. 

 Dishes were formerly kept in baskets or boxes, but ni;iy now be seen in 

 rude cui)boards near the fire. 



The wiuter supply of fish is smoked and dried in the lodge, which is 

 used at the same time as a dwelling, and the atmosphere is always 

 redolent of smoke, old fish, and ^' rii)e " fish eggs. Drift-wood, of which 

 their beach furnishes an unusually large supply, is brought to (he lodge 

 by the Momen. Before the introduction of matches lire was procured by 

 friction from very dry dead cotton-wood. A stick of this was ])ointed 

 and placed in a small cavity made in another i)iece of wood, the hands 

 rapidly moving the upright stick as if drilling.* 



The sticks with three cavities were placed ui)on the ground, the In- 

 dian kneeling and ])lacing a knee upon each eiul. lie jdaced one end 

 of the smaller stick in one of the cavities, and, holding the other end be- 

 tween the palms of his hands, kept up a rapi<l half-rotary motion, cans 

 ing an amount of friction sufidcieut to produce fire. AVith this he lighted 

 the end of the braided slow-match of cedar bark. This was often car- 

 ried for weeks thus ignited and held carefidly beneath the blanket to 

 protect it from wind and rain. 



In former times clothing was made iVom seal, elk, 

 bear, and rabbit skins; also of rushes and cedar 

 bark, the i)lun)age of ducks and other fowl being 

 sometimes woven into the latter. In the olden time 

 the skin of the woodchu^k was much jtrized, blank- 

 ets made therefrom being used only by chiefs. 

 Large basket-work hats were formerly worn. At 

 present grass hats resembling those of white peo- 

 ple in shape. The fur garments once worn by the 

 Quinaielts are no longer in existence. On great oc- 

 casions, when Indians belonging to other tribes are 

 visiting the Qninaielt, the dress of the latter varies 

 from civilized garb by the Avearing of their newest 

 and most gaily colored blankets. A new patchwork 

 calico quilt has been seen distinguishing the tall 

 form of the chief, and bright head-feathers are in 

 denmnd for caps and hats. Then the women wear 

 Fig. 1. Qumaioit^vom.aii their luost gaudy calico dresses, don their ear and 



iu dress of cedar baric. . '•l-i,,.i- -iii i -i. 



nose rings, sprinkle their liair with down, and paint 

 the face a flaming red, a combination of black and red seeming to be pre- 



* Tbo rue-sticks collecttMl by Mr. \VilIoui;bby are just as rmlu as tbis device could 

 WCill be, and may staud for tbo b)\vest typo of the lire-making tools. — O. T. M. 



