284 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



tory of the Willamette Valley, page 487 ; Capt. C. Beudire, annual re- 

 ])ort of Bureau of Ethnology 1881-'82 ; Paul Schumacher, in Hayden's 

 Bulletin, 1877. 



Scattering references also are to be found in Lewis and Clarke; Irv- 

 ing's Astoria; Eoss Cox's Adventures; Alexander Ross's Adventures; 

 Franchere's Narrative; Parker's Exploring Expedition; Townsend's 

 Narrative; Lee and Frost's Ten Years in Oregon; Mission Sketches. 



Mounds, Eartltworks, and Slcelctons. — On the farm of Mr. Ira E. Purdin, 

 in Washington County, in the northwestern jjart of the State, are some 

 old works which look like a fort, and Indian tradition gives them that 

 name. It is part way up a hill in front of which is the W^est Tualatin 

 l)lain, and back of which is timber. There is a spring at the bottom of 

 the hill; the hill faces the east. On the north side the line and ditch 

 are plain, about G3 feet long; on the east side they are also plain, 75 feet 

 long; on the west side tow^ards the timber is no line. A curious fact is 

 that inside the fort, and parallel with the line on the north side, are 

 other lines, and ditches and mounds, first a ridge as large as the north- 

 ern one, then a smaller one, then two rows of mounds, another row, 

 mainly a ridge, another small ridge, and then irregular mounds which 

 bound the fort on the south side ; but there is no line on that side. The 

 internal lines run back to the w^est further than the north line, some of 

 them (iO feet further, and they extend south further than the end of the 

 eastern line 50 or 60 feet. The ridges and mounds are generally from 

 2 to 3 feet high, and the largest are about 12 feet in diameter. Mr. Pur- 

 din's son and I dug into two of the largest for three or four feet until 

 we reached the native clay (which is quite hard), but found nothing. It 

 is about 470 feet around it. 



In Linn County are some mounds already referred to, which the his- 

 tory of the Willamette Valley says (p. 487) are 7 miles southwest of 

 Albanj', and were discovered b;\''Dr. J. L. Hill, of Albany. There are 

 cpiite a number of them and they are probably of Indian origin. 



Mr. G. M. Powers, of Shedd's station, Linn County, states that he 

 discovered them in 18S3, nine months before Dr. Hill claims to have 

 discovered ; and also states that he opened several at that time, and 

 has opened twelve in all. He says they are from 50 to 150 feet in diame- 

 ter, and from 3 to 8 feet high. Within them have been found several 

 skeletons, some, at least, of which were buried with care, and various 

 implements, as flints, rudimentary arrow-heads, beaver tusks, bone aw Is, 

 a pipe, a spoon, a necklace of coj)per rolls, white beads of bone and 

 shell, matting, solid copper rings for arms, green glass beads, stone 

 beads, tiat-headed square brass nails, with sharp i)oints, a curious bone 

 implement for weaving, a spatula-like bone similar to a i^aper-knife, 

 minute glass-bells for ornaments, stone mortars and pestles, knives, 

 drills, arrow and spear-heads, bone charms, and imj^lements whose use 

 is unknown. No other mounds similar to these are known in the State. 

 The skeletons are said to be in a good state of preservation and to be 



