290 PAPERS RELATING TO ANTHROPOLOGY. 



width from 1^ to 6 iiiclie«, iu thickness from three-quarters to If inches, 

 and in weight from G ounces to 5 pounds. Some of the smaller ones with 

 very perfect holes are said by an old Indian to have been used for draw- 

 ing the shaft of an arrow through so as to make it a uniform size, but 

 all could not have been used for this purpose, as the holes are too large 

 and irregular. These generally belong to northwestern Oregon, in the 

 country of the WiHamette and Lower Columbia Rivers, and are quite 

 common. 



Of the second kind 1 have seen only two in Mr. Stevens's cabinet, the 

 smallest of which was 1{; inches by If inches, has no hole in it, but is 

 made more after the style of those on the sound, having two grooves 

 around it, one lengthwise and the other crosswise, in which the bark 

 string was i^laced to which the line was fastened. 



The third style belongs to eastern Oregon, and have been mainly found 

 about the Dalles and Umatilla Landing. They are water-worm stones, 

 flat, from 2i- to 4 inches long, from 2 to 3 inches wide, and from a 

 half to three-fourths of an inch thick, weighing from 4 to 8 ounces. A 

 groove about three-fourths of an inch thick and a quarter of an inch 

 deep is made in each end, and by means of this the string wound around 

 the sinker was kept in its place, to which this line was fastened. 



ArroiD targets. — Of a somewhat similar shape to the first kind of sink- 

 ers, but far more regular, are two targets in Dr. Eafierty's cabinet. 

 They are made round as a grindstone, with a hole iu the center nearly 

 an inch in diameter. They are from 1^ to 2^ inches thick, and weigh 

 from li to 2 pounds 1 ounce. There are none of these on the sound 

 as fi^ir as I know. 



Arroic polislier. — Another new article is a stone, now broken at the 

 base, 3^ inches long, 2 inches in diameter at the base, cylindrical but 

 not rounding at the top, and weighing 7 ounces. It is of tufa, and came 

 from the Cascades. Around it run six grooves leugthwise, through 

 which the old Indians say arrows were drawn so as to iiolish them. 

 Dr. Raflerty likewise owns this. Mr. Stevens also has a stone which 

 lierhaps may have been used for a similar purpose. It is oblong, 3 

 inches long by IJ wide, and three-fourths of an inch thick. One side is 

 round, the other flat, with a groove one-eighth of an inch deep on the 

 flat side, running lengthwise of the stone. 



* Hide dressers. — Most of these came from Dalles and eastern Oregon, 

 and are very small and much more worked than those of the sound. A 

 Puget-sounder picks up almost any stone of 2 or 3 pounds weight, 

 splits a stick for a handle, puts the stone in it, and ties it there. But 

 none of those from Dalles weigh over 4 ounces, and the largest is 3| 

 inches long. Two found were three-eighths of an inch wide and three- 

 fourths thick, and the smallest is more than an inch shorter and a half 

 inch narrower. They are smooth, and the edge all around is ground 

 somewhat sharp. 



Stone scrapers have also been found in the mounds of Linn County, 



