ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES. 449 



Established at Bueu Eetiro in 1790. When the French occupied 

 Madrid in 1S08, they set up a battery at that phice, and the instruments 

 were destroyed l)y lire. The observatory then abandoned was not re- 

 stored until 1840. In 1852 the grounds were enlarged, and a pavillion 

 with a revolving turret was erected. 



Manila, Piiilippine Islands. 



Ohservatorio del Atenco Municipal. 



Longitude from Greenwich, 8'' 3'" 48.0^ E. 



Latitude, U^ 35' 25" N. 



Directors: P. Francisco Colina, 18G5-18G6. 



P. Federico Fanra, 18G0-1871. 



P. Jose Canudas, 1871-1873. 



P. Jose Minores, 1873-1877. 



P. Francisco Sanchez, 1877-1878. 



P Federico Fanra, 1878, 

 The observatory was founded in 1805. In the year 1859 T. Vern ACAI 

 ])rojected an observatory in which he should be intrusted with the 

 hydrographic commission for this archipelago. With this object in 

 view instruments were purchased, but never mounted by the hydro- 

 graphic commission, and remained in the observatory of the municipal 

 Atheui3eum from 1805 to 1873. 



Mannheim, Baden. 



Grossherzogliche Sternwarie. 



Longitude from Greenwich, 35'" 50.52«E. 

 Latitude, 15o 29' 11" N. 

 Directors : 0. Marger, 1701. 



K. J. KoniCt, 1783. 



J. N. Fischer, 1780. 



P. Ungeschick, 1788. 



B. Barry, 1788. 



H. C. Schumacher, 1813. 



F. B. G. NicoLAi, . 



A. M. Nelle, 1852. 



E. SCHONFELD, 1859. 



W. Valentiner, 1875. 



First established in the electoral castle of Schwetzingen, G^ miles 

 (10 kilometers) from Mannheim, and in 1772 removed to the west of 

 the town where it was located in a tower 105 feet (32 meters) in diameter, 

 with remarkably thick walls. 



Transferred to Karlsruhe in 1879. (See Karlsruhe.) 

 H. Mis. 170 29 



