ASTKONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES. 479 



Whalley, England. (iSoe Stonyhurst.) 



WiEN, Austria. 



I. K. K. L^niversitafs ^Sternwarte in Wdhring. 



Longitude from Greeuwicb, 1'' P>"' 21.49^ E. 

 Latitude, 48° 13' o5.4" N. 

 Directors : M. IIell, 175(5. 



F. VON Friesneckek, 1792. 



J. S. BiiRa, LSI 7. 



J. J. von Littrow, 1819. 



K. L. VON Littrow, 1841. 



1), Edmund Weiss. 

 The first observution.s made in Vieinia were undertaken in 1745 by 

 the Jesuits J. Eranoois and J. Liesgang. A permanent observatory 

 was founded in 175G. It was rebuilt from 1820 to 182(5, and located 

 among the university buildings. In 1874 a new establishment on a 

 greatly enlarged scale was erected at Wiihring, outside the town, and 

 completed in ]879. 



Instruments : 



{a) Meridian circle: Made by Christian Starke, at Vienna (after 

 the example of the meridian circles of IvEiciiENRAcn); diameter of cir- 

 cles, 3G inches; divided to o'; read by four microscopes tosingle seconds ; 

 aperture of objective, 48 inches ; magnifying power ordinarily employed 

 120 diameters. 



{h') Prime vertical : Maker, Christian Starke; ai)erture, 50 inches; 

 magnifying power, 120 diameters. 



(c) Equatorial instruments : One, made by Alvan Clark & Sons; 

 aperture of objective, 14'| inches; njagnifying powers of eye-pieces, up 

 to 1,200. {&) One, made by Frauenhofer ; aperture of objective, G 

 inches ; magnifying i)owers, up to GOO. 



{d) SpectroscojKS : One small star spectroscope ; one Zoellner's solar 

 spectroscope. 



(g) Cloclcs : Two mean time; makers, Utzsciineider, at Munich ; Vo- 

 rauer, at Vienna, several sidereal; makers, Molyneux (London); 

 AucH (Gotha) ; Graoam (London) ; and a few, more or less accurate. 



{h) Chronometers: Mean time; maker, Arnold; sidereal, makers, 

 Kessels, Molyneux, 



(i) Miscellaneous : An equatorial with adaptation for various latitudes, 

 the Giuch objective by Steinheil, the mounting by Sciiaffler. Two 

 refractors of 4-incli aperture; one of them not equatorially mounted. 

 One equatorial of 3-iuch aperture, adapted for various latitudes, object- 

 ives by Frauenhofer. One equatorial of 3-inch aperture, by Dol- 

 LOND. One dialitic eiinatovial of Plossel, of 5 inches. One comet- 

 seeker, of O-inch aperture and 4 feet focal length, by Merz; mounted 

 equatorially on the principle of Villareait, by Schneider. One 



