REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 75 



lated with the one form published in the year 1877 by Colonel Mallery, 

 under the title of "Calendar of the Dakota Nation." The wide circu- 

 lation of his paper on this subject was the means of obtaining the ad- 

 ditional copies, valuable as a verification and for correction, and also 

 extending over a longer number of years than the one first published. 

 The collected Winter Counts now furnish a large amount of ethnologic 

 information wholly apart from the interest attached to them as calen- 

 dars. In the whole of these studies Colonel Mallery has been assisted 

 by Dr. W. J. Hoffman. 



Mr. Frank H. Cushing, on his return to Washington in the spring of 

 1884, renewed his work of the classification of his material obtained in 

 the field and its preparation for publication. He completed an essay 

 on the culture-growth of the ZuSis, as illustrated by studies of the 

 Pueblo pottery, and has prepared a paper on the ancient province of 

 Cibola, and the Seven Cities, with explanation of the architectural 

 types in the Southwest, and the social institutions connected with the 

 several periods of that architecture. He has also arranged his coj)ious 

 notes on the myths and folk-lore of the Zuhis. 



The preparation of the Bibliography of North American Linguistics 

 by Mr. James C. Pilling was continued during the year. There were 

 received from the printer during the year proof-sheets of pages 839- 

 1135, and these were distributed to various gentlemen throughout this 

 country and others for examination and criticism. Among them were 

 Seuor Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta, of the city of- Mexico; Mr. Wilber- 

 force Eames, of New York City, and Drs. J. G. Shea, of Elizabeth, N. 

 J., D. G. Brinton, of Media, Pa., and J. Hammond Trumbull, of Hart- 

 ford, Conn., from all of whom valuable information was obtained. 

 During the latter part of October and the early part of November 

 Mr. Pilling made a brief trip to New England, visiting several libraries 

 in Boston and Providence for the purpose of clearing up a number of 

 doubtful bibliographic points. 



Mr. H. W. Henshaw was engaged during the earlier part of the year 

 in assisting the Director in the work of the classification of the lan- 

 guages of the North American Indians. The large number of vocab- 

 ularies of Indian languages which have been collected from time to 

 time, and the recent increased activity in the direction of linguistic 

 studies, imperatively require that a classification shall be made upon 

 a more comprehensive and satisfactory basis than has hitherto been 

 done. The confusion of nomenclature observable in previous classifi- 

 cations, and the perplexities to the linguistic student resulting there- 

 from, are universally recognized. Since Gallatin's classification of 1836 

 the grouping of linguistic families has undergone great changes at 

 the hands of successive authors in accordance with conflicting views 

 held by them, and the families have been named and renamed with 

 little or no reference to the names previously given. It is believed 

 that in linguistic as in zoologic classification priority of name is the 



