268 SCIENTIFIC RECORD FOR 1884. 



visious awaiting bim as had been originally contemplated, and, in con- 

 sequence, nineteen members of the party died during the early part of 

 1884. 



In a general way, Lieutenant Greely reports the lowest temperature 

 — 6Q° Fahrenheit; the tidal flow came from the north; currents in 

 the bay coming from the north were two degrees warmer than coming 

 from the south ; the tidal range was 8 feet ; there was no polar current 

 in the open sea to the north. 



The line of perpetual snow on Mount Arthur he places at 3,500 feet. 

 (Nature^ xxx, p. 438.) 



32. iST. Ekholm has published the preliminary account and statistical 

 summarj^ of the Swedish International Polar Expedition to Spitzbergen. 

 Observations began August 22, 1882 ; an anemometer was fixed on the 

 mountain top 800 feet above the ocean. The aurora borealis occurred 

 every night up to March 25, when the sunlight interfered. The ther- 

 mometers in shelter were compared with the sling-thermometer until, 

 by frequent breakages, the observers were forced to construct an equiv- 

 alent rotation machine. The station was closed August 25, 1883. 

 {N'attire, xxix, p. 2G3.) 



33. The Danish Meteorological Institute has published the summary 

 of the Danisli luternational Polar Expt dition to the Sea of Kara. 



34. Preliminary reports containing the monthly means and miscella- 

 neous notes have been published for the two German Polar Stations, 

 namely, at Eoyal Bay in South Georgia, and at Kingawa Fjord in Cum- 

 berland Gulf, Baffin's Land. (D. .1/. Z., i, p. 144.) 



35. A. von Danckelman publishes the records for 1882-'83 at the 

 Danish International Polar Station, Godthaab, in order that by com- 

 parison one may better decide to what extent this was a normal year. 

 (D. M. Z., I, p. 163.) 



36. Lieut. J. Lephay, chief of the meteorological work of the Interna- 

 tional Polar Station at Cape Horn, occnj^ied by the French Government, 

 publishes a summary of the climate at their station, which was on the 

 east side of the peninsula Hardy, in a portion of Orange Bay three 

 French miles from the Pacific and thirty-five northwest from Cape 

 Horn. The daily period of pressure was quite perceptible, the maxi- 

 mum being 8 p. m. and the minimun 2 p. m. The diurnal periodicity^ 

 of the wind force was very large, maximum being at 2 p. M. and mini- 

 mum at 1 A.M.; the prevailing wind direction was from west-south- 

 west. {Z. 0. G. M., XIX, p. 131.) 



37. H. P. Dawson, in charge of the English Interna! ional Polar Sta- 

 tion at FortEae, reports that the winter of 1882 and 1883 was very mild- 

 In January, 1883, a remarkable epidemic influenza was re])orted among 

 the Indians in the far northwest, and spread southward to Forts Simp- 

 son and Eae, attacking every one in a mild form, {yatvre, xxviii, ]). 

 371.) 



38. [If this can be traced fartlier south in connection with the cold 



