ZOOLOGY. 589 



11. PEOTOZOANS. 



Sporozoans. 



A neic Sporozoan type. — In 1883 Dr. A. Scbueider described a new 

 type of Sporozoans to whicli he gave tlie name Ophnjoci/fit is hutschlii. 

 Later studies have not only confirmed the distinctness of the form, but 

 revealed characteristics so different from those manifested by others of 

 the class, as to have impelled the author to distinguish it as the type of 

 "a new order of Amcebosporidia." The Amcebiiorm stage is very ver- 

 satile in its phases and has "a facies altogether different to that of any 

 known Sporozoan;" there is "a large number of nuclei," and in this 

 respect it presents an analogy " to certain Amcebina, and distantly to 

 the Myxosporidia." A "conjugation of two always uninuclear indi- 

 viduals has been observed, but conjugation is not known among the 

 Coccidia, and this i)eculiarity allies Ophrijocystis to the most differen- 

 tiated Gregarines. The mode of sporulation allies them possibly to the 

 Myxosporidia, while, on the other hand, the production of falciform 

 bodies or sporozoites in the spores is the exact opposite of what takes 

 place in the Myxospoiidia." In fine, the process of conjugation and 

 the mode of sporulation distinguishes Ophryocyslids "from the Coc- 

 cidia, as do the pseudopodia and the sporulation from the Gregarinidse, 

 and the falciform corpuscles from the JMyxosporidia." {Arch. Zool. 

 Exp6r. ct Gen., ii, pp. 111-12G, 1 pL; J. R. M. S. (2), v, pp. 82-83.) 



Rkizopods. 



A continental Foraminifer. — The Foraminifers hitherto known are in- 

 habitants of the ocean, and the discovery of a species of the order in 

 saline continental waters is therefore of unusual interest. The form in 

 question proved to be not only a new species but a previously unknown 

 generic type. Its infusorian companions were mostly of marine types 

 of new species or conspecific with already known sea-forms, but "a 

 fourth of the whole number are only known as fresh- water forms." 



The new foramiuiferous genus has been named Entzia and belongs 

 to the group of ffelicostcf/ia ; the shell inform resembles the i?o^«?tna; 

 of the group Oiohigerincv, in structure the Trochanimincc, and " the chem- 

 ical constitution is that of Bifflvgia^ Trochammina^and some of the Glohi- 

 gerina ;'''' it is stated that it closely connects the last with the Lagenidcc 

 by means of Trochammina and the Uotcdince. {Zeitschr. f. wins. Zool., 

 XL, pp. 46O-480 ; J. R. M. S. (2), IV, pp. 700-76L) 



Dimorphism in Orhulina. — Long ago it was shown that in the interior 

 of the foraminiferous " shells" of the Orhulina type or genus were giobi- 

 gerina-like bodies, and it was even urged that one was a stage of the 

 other. Valid objections, however, were brought against this view, but 

 the relations of the two required elucidation. Eecentlx' numerous 

 specimens of Orhulina miiversa, most of which were dredged from a 



