646 SCIENTIFIC RECORD FOR 1884. 



mucb light has been thrown upon their relationship. One was known 

 to Cuvier and indicated under the generic name of Adapis. But the 

 great French naturalist had no idea as to its true affinities, and in fact 

 mistook its remains for those of a hog-like animal. In America, accord- 

 ing to Professor Cope, two families were represented in the Eoeene 

 period, one of which, the Mixodectidae, had three j^remolars in the upper 

 jaw, and the other, the Anaptomorphidse, had two. The Mixodectidse 

 were represented by as many as five generic types, and of the Anapto- 

 morphidae, two have been made known. Of the latter, the typical genus 

 is Anaptomorphus, and another one has been called Indrodon. 



The name Anaptotnorphus has reference to the similarity of the cra- 

 nium to that of man, while Indrodon refers to some similiarity between 

 the dentition of the form so named and that of the extinct Madagascar 

 genus, Indris. (Atn. Nat., xviii, pp. 59-62.) 



Breeding mid dispOHttionof MonTceys and Lemurs. — The extent to which 

 the Primates (monkeys, &c.) may breed in confinement will probably be 

 new to most persons. Mr. Arthur Nichols ascertained that at least 

 twelve out of about eighty species kept in the Zoological Gardens have 

 bred during the past thirty years. Lemurs formed a large proportion. 

 The Rhesus monkey bred more frequently than any other species. 

 According to Mr. Nichols, "the disposition and moral character (in the 

 widest sense) of no species of monkey whatever approaches that of the 

 dog," and he suggests that this may be due to the absence of inheritance 

 of the " gradually accumulated cultivation of these qualities through 

 association with man" which the dog has enjoyed. The monkey cannot 

 benefit by such experience, " owing to the impossibility of rearing a 

 succession of generations in captivity." {Nature, xxxi, p. 54.) 



Diseases of Monlceys and Lemurs. — The diseases of the monkeys and 

 lemurs have been investigated by Mr. J. B. Sutton, who had special 

 access, for that purpose, to the Zoological Gardens of Loudon. He con- 

 tinued his investigations from December 1, 1881, to March 30, 1883, dur- 

 ing which time one hundred and ten of the quadrumana died, and the 

 viscera of ninety-three were specially examined with the following re- 

 sults : (1) tubercle was found in three instances only ; (2) bronchitis was 

 met with in twenty-two cases ; (3) pneumonia in its lobar form is not 

 <^ommon, only three deaths being traced to that disease, but "the lobu- 

 jtir form is frequent, seven deaths having been occasioned by it;" (4) 

 empyema was manifested in two cases ; (5) " abscess of lung burst into 

 a bronchus, filled the trachea and thus suffocated a baboon ;" (6) " oedema 

 of lung killed a squirrel monkey ;" (7) alveolar al^cess was a not un- 

 common mode of death in young animals, " leading to ulceration and 

 sloughing of the gums;" the purulent discharges being swallowed, septic 

 pneumonia is established, "sometimes leading to gangrene of the lung;" 

 (8) scrofula was well marked in three cases ; (9) " intussusception of the 



