VENOMOUS ANIMALS AND THEIR TOXINS — RUSSELL 487 



echinoderms. Only one death has been reported in that country dur- 

 ing the past 50 years following a stingray injury. 



The past decade has been a period of "tooling up" for the venomolo- 

 gist. Through the advent of chromatography, electrophoresis, and 

 certain physiological monitoring devices, our knowledge on venoms has 

 increased a hundredfold. During the next 10 years we should not only 

 learn to separate and identify the various fractions of venoms, and 

 to correlate them with specific biological activities, but we should dis- 

 cover how these complex proteins can be used to further man's studies 

 of the cellular membrane and his fight against pain and disease. 



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