APPENDIX To SH(1{I7I\VPV'S l{KP()lv'1\ 



Al'PENPlX I. 



a^vPnlM' OF rilK DIKKCTOK OF THH BUKEAi: Ol'^ IC'l'IlN'OLOliV I'oK TlIK 

 YEAR ENDING JUNE :W, 1«!L'. 



SiK: Etliii()l(),i;ic researches aiiioiii; the North Aineriean Indians weri' euntinned 

 luiih'r tiio .Secriitary of the Sniitli.sonian Institution, in (•onipliaiic<' witli acts o('(Joii- 

 ■ire.ss. (hiring the. year 1891-'92. 



A report upon tlie work of the year is most i-imveuiently inesented nnih-r two 

 general heads. \iz. fiehl work and otHce work. 



it'lELl) WOKK. 



The tiekl work of the year Is divided into (1) an^hajology and (2) general held 

 studies, the latter being directed chiefly to religion, technology, and linguisties. 



Archd'oliujical field work. — The explorations of the Bureau for the last fiscal year 

 wer<! eonf inued under the personal supervision of Mr. W. II. Holmes, with Messrs. 

 Cosmos Mindeleff, (ierard Fowke, and William Dinwiddle as assistants. 



The worlc begun in the tide-water regions of Maryland and Virginia in the sjiring 

 of 1891 was continued throughout the present year. Careful attention was given 

 to the examination and mapping of the shell deposits of the Lower Potonuxc and the 

 Ciiesapeake, ami many of the historic village sites visited by John Smith and his 

 ;issoeiates were identified and examined. Tlie renuiins ni)on tliese sift^s i\n; idtmtical 

 with those of the many otiier village sites of tlu^ region. Mr. Holmes studied the 

 ;ir('lueology of South, West, and Khod*; riviu-s and of the shonssof tlie bay above and 

 below Annapolis. The middle Patux<'nt was visited and the site of tiie ancient vil- 

 lage of Mattpanient idontitied and examined. Tin^ valley of the Happahannock in 

 the vicinity of Fredericksburg and a number of the othtu- western tributaries of the 

 Potomac received attiMition. Ancient soapstone (juarricis, one in Fairfax (bounty, 

 Va., three in Montgomery County, Md., and one in Howard County, Md., were 

 studied, and collections of the (luarry rejecrs and imi>lements used in (|uai'rying and 

 <-utting the stone were obtained. 



In .Inly Mr. Holmes made a trij) to Ohio to assist in the resurvey of sev«^ral geo- 

 inotrii; earthworks at N(!wark and near Chillicothe. A visit was made, to the great 

 llint quarries in Licking County, between Newark and Zanesville. Tliis wtdl-known 

 (jiiarry is one of the most extraordinary pi(^(■es of aboriginal work in tlie country, 

 and the evideuci! of pitting and t reiiidiini; and <d' the removal ;iiid working nj) of 

 great bodies of the flint are visilde on all sides, the aork having extended over many 

 square miles. Numerous hammer stones aud large bodies of the refuse of manufac- 

 ture are seen. The chief product of the work upon the "ite here as elsewhere A\as a 

 thin blade, the blank from which various implements were to be specialized. The 

 countless handsomely shaped and tinted arrow and spe.ir )>fiints and knives scat- 

 tered over Ohio aud the ucighborlug States arc derived chiefly Irom this site. 



49 

 H. Mib. lU ^i 



