pk<>(;rkss of AxriiRopoLodv ix isi)2. 409 



Tlie lirst named uiidei' the eliairniaiisliii) oT Vircliow, reported at the 

 meeting, as follows : 



,. I. Xonna or orienlalioii of the nA/J/n. I'.irh one is free to take the one wliich he 

 prel't'i'S. The norma liori:i>ntaJif< or (uir'vnh) i>rhilii'n-r is rcroiiinieiKlcd (or drawings 

 ami for ])h<)to.i;raplis. 



II. (ircal diametcrx. — The niaxiiimiu ]eii_i;tli ami llie iiiaximmii li-,iiis\ ere width 

 according to the French method are adopted to tlie exclusion of otiier anahtnous 

 diameters. Whenever these last are employed they nnist lie announced. 



III. FroniaJ diameters. — To the mininuim frontal widlli, adopted only in (iermany, 

 is added the maxininni width, \vhi(di ought to he measured on tlie Stephanie ])oint, 

 of Broca. 



IV. Total lieiylil of the sknil. — This measure siionld he [ire.sei\ ed, l>ut it ought to 

 be taken or it will fall into disuse. 



The committee prefer for tlii.s puriiose the compass of N'irehow. W 

 this iustrumeut is not adopted tlie h'gs of IJroea's sliding compass 

 must be lengtliened. The utility of this modification is perceived in 

 mensurations on the living. It is only with a coni])ass with long 

 branches that the total height of the skull can be tak(Mi tlirough the 

 auricular x)oints. 



V. The curves. — The curves must he taken with a steel metric ribbon. The hor- 

 izontal should pass around tlie suj)raciliary arches and the nujst salient ]>()ints. 

 The transverse by the auditory openings and the bregma. 



A'l. The face. — The width ouglir to lie taken no longer on the jugoinaxillary sutures, 

 but upon the two points that givi^ tlie uuxximum width. The height of the nasion 

 ought to be taken at the upjier alveol.ir ]»oint. The total height of the nasiou ou 

 the mentoual jioints. 



VII. Tlie orbits. — The diameters of the orbits ought to be measured on Die internal 

 borders. For the width tlie dacrion should be abandoned. 



VIII. The ophrio-Tiaso-ah eolar angle ought to betaken with tlie facial goniouH'ter 

 of Kanke or with that of Hroca. In this, as iu all measures, tlie instruments ami the 

 methods should be stat(^d. 



In his paper before the tenth congress of archteology and anthro- 

 pology, Ernest Chantre made a report on the measurements of the 

 peoples of the Caucasus, of which the following is the abstract: 



(1) Armenians, brown, brachycejthalous, luesoprosopic, leptoiriiiin-, and above the 

 medium in stature. 



(2) Aderbeijanis, l)ro\vn. do]ichocc]di.ilous, doli(dio))rosoi)ie. h'litorrhimv and above 

 the medium stature. 



(3) Kurds, generally brown, with elongated faces, eyes never l)ridged. doiielio- 

 cephalons, ]eptorrhiin% and al)Ove the medium stature. 



(4) Aissori, brown, ultra-biachyi'ephalous. There is also to l>e remarked ammig 

 them mesoi>rosopisni, le))torrliinisui, and a stature below tin' mean. 



(.5) Tadjiks, very brown, nieso]ir(isopie, leptorrhine, dolichoeephalic. tall. 



(6) Iladjemi Persian.s, very brown also, leptorrhine, dolichocephalic, dolicdio- 

 prosopic, and of medium statuie. 



(7) .lew.s, medium color, uHra-braciiyce])halic. They are distinguished by their 

 mesopro.sopism, their leptorrhinisni. .uid niediuui statuie. 



(8) The Afghans are lirown, hi acliyee])lianc. niesoiirosopie. leptorrhine, and tall 

 in stature. 



(9) The Kalmucks are brown, mesorihiue. I'hc eyes are hridg(Ml, the face w ide. 

 Tliey are l)rachyceitbalic and of stature above tlie mean. 



(10) Tiie Lcsghians are chestnut in cohn-. nltra-brachyceiilialie, iiiesoi)rosopic, 

 leptorrhine, and very tall. 



