I'RIMITIVE INDUSTRY. 533 



other places. M, Boiichei- de Perthes himself was sadly deceived in 

 several cases. One proof of the antiiiiiity of stone implements, or of 

 some of them, is by the iHitlna or w<'atherin^- shown on the exposed 

 surface. Any of the arjiillite implements tVom the Trenton gravels 

 may be broken and thns show tlie ditterence of color between the in- 

 side and the ontside. On the ontside it is a dnil gray, on the inside it 

 is shining black; the bhick color is the natural appearance of the 

 stone; this is shown when first chipped; the gray api>earance is ft^om 

 the weathering, and it has been made by long exposure. 



Evidences of the ])rimitive industiy of man have been found in many 

 other places of the United States besides Trenton. At Loveland and 

 ^[adison, Ohio, by Dr. Metz; at Newcomerstown, Ohio, by Mr. Mills; 

 at Fedora, Ind., l)y Dr. Cresson, and at Little Falls, Minn., by Miss 

 Babbitt. All (d" these localities have been attacked in late publications 

 by disbelievers in the existence of Paheolithic ^lan. In order that 1 

 may be fair in argument, and acce|)t fully the facts according as they 

 are found by the observer, it must be conceded that the evidence of 

 ])ala'(>lithic occui)ati(>n at Little I-'alls has been successfully assailed by 

 the investigations of last summer made there by Mr. FTolmes. 1 have 

 ui)on another occasion complimented Mr. Holmes u])on the system, 

 thoroughness of his investigations there; and his conclusions, so far as 

 they are based upon those investigations, must stand until some subse- 

 quent investigator, going over the same, ground, shall change the 

 facts. 1 may have disagreed with Mr. Holmes in his comdusicms, but 

 I concede his facts must staiul. 



Some years ago 1 made an ai)peal in the form «>f a ciicular from the 

 Smithsonian Institution, asking for information, which was .s<;attered 

 throughout the United States, concerning these objects, and I ac- 

 companied this with <*uts and engravings of similar objects, some 

 from Euro])e and others from Ameiica. 1 received resjwnses from 

 nearly every State in the United States, and many States responded 

 with great numbers. I do not i)ropose to follow the result of this 

 investigation in all its details, but to say that ther(^ was rejxn'ted to 

 the Smithsonian lnstitutioi» a large number ot im]tlements similar 

 in every regard to those found in the gravels at Trenton and other 

 ]>laces, an<l to those from NN'estern flurope. Many of tliose i(»|)orted 

 were not Paheolithic — did not res<'mble Paheolithic impleinents — many 

 of them were bnt chips and lude flakes — some objects were nuin- 

 ifestly Neolithic; bnt omit all these, still there was a. considerable num- 

 ber of implements, representing pi'actically every State in the United 

 States, which wonid (■<u'res])ond in every particular (save in some ca.ses 

 material), with those from IOnroi»e. These identical imi>lements, had 

 they been found in western Eurojte, and j>resente(l before any com- 

 mittee of the best an^lueologists, they would l)e pronounced Paheo- 

 lithic. In this connection, I refer again to the quotation made a little 

 time ago fr(»m M. Boule, wherein he states the same thing. But these 



