PKEITISTOKIC NKW MEXICAN POTTERY. 537 



1 toiiiid ill some looiUvS very large old dead Junipers that were larger 

 than the surrouiidiug trees. Some of the ruins are uiiles from any 

 water. They are scattered at short intervals of a hundred yards to a 

 mile or more apart in different directions, as the ground lirs favorable, 

 and at times on higher rising ground. From these conditions it w ould 

 appear that the population was at one time numerous iii these vallej's. 



1 found some extensive ruins on a l)ran<'h canyon a long distance from 

 water. The ruins I excavated in were <>() feet, plainly traceable, with 

 appearances of extending 100 feet further, l)y 117 feet. The 60 feet 

 was divided into the widths of tliree rooms — the first IC by 20 feet, the 

 second 18 by 24, and the third 1.") by IS, which, with the width of walls 



2 to 3 feet, made the distance. There were three other rooms which I 

 could trace, adjoining the ends of these rooms, as seen in Fig. 1, and a 

 small middle room 8 by 8 feet, but the walls were not accurately laid 

 bare. The outside walls were laid up with roughly hewed stone, worked 

 into squares of about 14 inches and about 3 inches thick. Some of the 

 partition walls were laid with uncut bowlder stones. The walls were laid 

 in clay cement smoothly plastered inside; mostof the loose stone on the 

 surface was uncut stone. The depth of walls was from "> to 8 feet, Avith 

 clay floors at the bottom of rooms. In rooms 16 by 20, on the ol^t side 

 wall, were two openings, one ap])arently each for door and window; they 

 were blocked up with rough stone laid without cement. This would 

 make it appear that the lioors of the rooms were once about the level of 

 the earth outsi<le. Below these floors, mid close to or under the founda- 

 tions, were skeletons of adults, but so far decomposed that only the 

 large bones and skulls were geiu'rally traceable; very few of these can 

 be exhumed Avhole. Nearly ;ill the teeth are very sound. 1 found in 

 one room two skeletons iu ii doubled position, partially under the foun- 

 dations, as shown in Fig. 2. There was a hearth made of four long 

 pieces of scpiare-dressed stone forming the frame, filled up with cement 

 ill the middle. Under this liearth I found the skeletons of two children. 

 There were pots about tlie iieads of the adults, rnder the chin of one 

 1 found eleven shell rings and ;i turiiuoise bead. All the skeletons are 

 not accompjinied with pots; some h;i\'e nothing with them, whih> others 

 have several i)ieces; some contain Ix'ad necklaces, charred corn, beans, 

 punii)kiii seeds, fragments of woven fnbrics, cord, braids, ;ind liuman 

 iniir, etc. Also bone im]>lem<',nts in ;i perfect state of i)reservation are 

 fcmnd near the human bones that are so deciomposed. The ])otteiy con- 

 sists of several kinds; there are the coil pots, as are found in mounds 

 and cliff dwelbngs, but many are of a much finer ware. A red, smooth, 

 glossy ware witlumt ornamentation, all of a bottle or vase form, ihit 

 tlie chief interest centers in tlie white or riither light gray and black 

 ware, finely decorated and glazed. Tlie designs ai'c unique, both iu 

 form (which is various), and the styh' of figure in decorating, much of 

 which is like steps in endless variety of changes, curves, and lines in a 

 maze-like intricacy in some, with geometrical figures in others, but the 



