574 



ABORIGINAL BURIAL MOUNDS. 



and i)ottery were scattered promiscuously, with the ashes aud char- 

 coal patches, through a vertical rauge of more than a foot. The lime- 

 stone bowlders were about 6 inclies in diameter, and lay with a rude 

 uniformity a few feet apart tlirougliout the layer. The underlying- 

 rock of the section is limestone (cornstone), the boundary between the 

 outcrop of this and the water line is near, and the southwestward 

 moving glaciers have made this element strong in the drift products of 

 the country. 



In the cliiircoal hiyer the most numerous bones were those of the 

 " deer. A good number ol' only partially 



broken lower jaws were found, and a few 

 decvayed horn fragments. Several speci- 

 mens of fragmentary beaver .skulls, retain- 

 ing the teeth, and a few raccoon jaws, are 

 in the collection, bnt some of the clam shells 

 were not broken; these showed the effect of 

 lire. 



Making exception of the two small pot- 

 tery pipes unearthed from the ehareoal layer, 

 no entire specimens of pottery were discox- 

 (M<'d. The pottery was rude, blackish, and 

 giitty. ^linute feldspar crystals formed 

 part of the material. Tlie surfaces werc^ 

 rouglienedby peri)endicular striations which 

 could be imagined to have been impressed 

 by bark. By i)rojecting the curve of one of 

 the rim fragments, tlie opening of the jar of 

 which it was once a ])art, was found to have 

 been 8 inches in diameter. A dark bluish 

 or greenish slate, hard, tough, and fine, was 

 the nmterial of which the large pipe, buried 

 with the largest skeleton, was made (Fig. 4). 

 It is the same stone as that from which 

 most of the fine mound ornaments were cut. 

 Erosion revealed a kind of eimmel, perhaps 

 due to chemical action on the surface. Tlie 

 erosion occurred where the stone had been 

 stained, ]>resumab]y by the acids of the dead 

 body. The finish was excellent. The form 

 might suggest that the inaker had intended 

 the relic for a phallic emblem. The pipe is 

 3f inches in length. Litth^ difference in size 

 between the individual interred in the '' lev 

 elled mound" and the i»rincipal male buried in the large mound, was 

 shown by the remains. The bones of the two skeletons to the south- 

 east of the latter were perceptibly lighter. 



Fig. 4. Pipe (full .size), 

 a, end view: 6, side vicnv. 



