'rrii: inaentoks oi' 'riii", ■riii.Kdi.'Arii wn ri:lj:i'ii(iM-,. <!17 



(!('\ cl<»|» maii'lict ic |)(i\\ri;it ;i (lisljillff ;i L;;il\;iliic Iml t('l'\ of '•Jlit t'lisil \ " 

 must be ('iiii»]()_v«'»I l<i I>r<'.it'<'t I lie cm rent I liioiii^li I lie loiii; coi Millet or. :ni(l 

 that a niaiiiict sunouudrd hy iiiaii.\' t urns of diic loiii; w irr iiiiist Ix- used 

 to icccivc tin's ciuiciit. 



"(3) I was tli<' lirst to actually iua.i;iictizc a piece of soft ii'oii at a dis- 

 tance, and to call al tent ion to tliefactof t lie a|i))lical)iiity of inyo\i»er- 

 iments to the teleiiiapli. 



"(4) I was t he lirst to act ually sound a bell at a distance by means of 

 the eleetro-inajiiK't. 



''(")) The i>riiici])les 1 had deNcloped were appiiiMJ by 1 )r. ( iaie to I'eii- 

 der Morse's machine ctlectiNc at a distance." 



It is to Henry, undoubtedly, that is i\i\v the credit m>t only of tirst 

 pointiuii' out the application of electioina.iiiietism to tele.ui'aphy, but 

 also of supplying; the recpiisite know lee li^c of how to make maj^iiets suit- 

 able for the transmission of signals throiiiih lonji' distances, which ren- 

 dered the ])ractieal application possible al that time. Hesides this, we 

 see that Henry actually coiistrucled an experimental liiu' and made the 

 lirsl electro-maii'iiet ic sounder, which consisted of a ri'cei\ini; mai^net 

 with a polarized armatuic. one end of wldcii was attracted by a ma.u- 

 iiet and the other end to sound a bell. Ai^ain. in tiie met hod of closiu'^,- 

 one circuit by means of a mau'uet in another circuit, we haxc the elec- 

 tro-ma.uiu'tic relax, afterwards reinx'ented by Morse ami others, and 

 now ver>' widely used on hmi.;' tele<;-raph ciicuits Ixitii for closinji' "local 

 eir<'nits"' and for ••translation." 



The credit of in\ cntini;' the elect roniaunetic tele.L;iai»h was claimed 

 by, and has usually been, popidarly at least. <;iven toM(U'se. There has 

 been some dis])ute as to who lirst su.uiiested the electi-o-maiiiietic tele- 

 ,yrai>li, the idea of it lia\in,n' arisen out of a conversation anion,::' the pas- 

 senii'ers on board the ship ;S//////(lurinii' a i)assaj4«' from i-'ranee to New 

 York in 1S;!2. Dr. -hudcsoiuof liostcui. claimed to ha\'ebeen the originator 

 of the idea, and ii seems not unlikely that infoi'imil ion which he is said 

 to lia\e i^iven with reference to the earl\ exiKMimental teleiiiaphs then 

 beinjLi' worked on and exhibited in \arious ]»arts of I<]uro]>e did oriiiinate 

 the idea. It is not clear however that the use of tin' electro maji'iu't was 

 suu'iicsted by^Iackson, and there issufticiente\idencetoshowthat Morse 

 had had opiiortunities of seeiiii; a coi)>' of Sturgeon's nia,ii!iet in Prof. 

 Dana's laboratory in New York, 'i'lie ma;;nel made by Morse was itstdf 

 almost an exact eopy (tf this, and it wasonly after la i In re with it that he 

 appealed to Dr. (lale for assistance. Dr. (iale liaxe the necessary in- 

 Ibimation and su])])lied the mat(n'ials for niakin;4 the chaiiiic afterwards 

 informing Morse that he had learned how to arranjic such an apparatus 

 from the writin<is of I'rof. Henry. I'lobably the i<lea of usin<;- an 

 electro-inajiinet was oriiiinal with ^lorse. He did not know of Henry's 

 work or indeed anythinj> about the subject beyond the few experi 

 ments in which he had seen Sturgeon's ma.ii'tiet used, and would natu- 

 rally turn to that nu'ans of obtainin<^" moti\ <■ forcM'. \\ is n(»t ne<'essary, 



