ABORIGINAL AMEKICAN BASKETRY. 211 



rial of their coiled baskets, by soaking- them for about a week in an 

 infusion of the berry stems of this elder. (D. 1\ Barrows, 1900.) 



Savastana odorata. HolyjjrasH. 



The Indians of the northeastern United States and adjacent parts of 

 Canada, such as the Penobscots of Maine (V. Havard, 181)0) and the 

 Abenakis of Ontario (Cat. No. 206394, U.S.N.M.), use the long-, sweet- 

 scented leaves of this g-rass in some of their baskets. 



Scirpus lacustris. Tule. 



Ma^-i (Klamath). 



The principal basket material of the Klamath and ]\Iodoc Indians of 

 Oregon is the tule, a plant Avidely used by the tribes of the Pacitic 

 coast States in the manufacture of mats. Narrow strips from the 

 surface of the stem are twisted into long threads and these used for 

 their tiner twined l)askets, giving a great variety of green and l^rown 

 shades or, when dyed, a black. For coarser l)askets whole or split 

 stems are conmionly employed, without twisting. The very slender 

 roots of the tule, which occur in great abundance on the stout root- 

 stocks, are used, without any other preparation than drj^ing, to make 

 patterns of a maroon color in the twisted tule baskets. (See Plate 9.) 



.3cirpus niaritimus. Bulrush. 



Tsu-ish^ (Porno). 



The Pomo Indians of California use for the brown and black patterns 

 of their line coiled baskets a tiber extracted from the rootstock of 

 this bulrush. Structural!}^ the fiber is the same as that described 

 under Oarex iarbarae. The identitication is by Miss Alice Eastwood. 



Smilax californica. Greenbriar. 



TJie long and exceedingly strong stems, Ijrought from the watershed 

 of the Sacramento River, are sometimes employed by the Indians of 

 Mendocino County, California, in their basketry. (V. K. Chesnut, 

 1902.) 



Thelesperma gracile. Thelesperma. 



0-haMi-shi (Moki). 



A decoction of the whole plant was formerly used to give a red- 

 l)rown color to the stems of Y'Ah\At}n-nsh {0/rri/sot/iam.m/s ?no(2uia7iiis) 

 for the patterns in the wicker plaques of the Moki Indians of northern 

 Arizona. (W. Hough, 1898; Cat. No. 128708, U.S.N.M.) 



Thuja plicata. Giant Cedar. 



The split roots of this tree are the common sewing material for the 

 strong, water tight huckleberry baskets of certain tribes of the North- 

 west Coast from northern Oregon to British America, including the 



