AHOIUGINAL AMKKK'AN HASKETRY. 218 



gTa})(' i-oot sonietiiiu's makes up the whole wi^ft. (P. 11. (loddai-d. notes.) 

 Portions of tlie woody stem ai'e used hy the Pomos of Mendocino 

 County, Califonua, us a se\vin»>" strand i'or attaching- the I'ims to tiieir 

 pack baskets. The grape strands coini^letcdy cover the stout withe tiiat 

 forms (lie l)asis for the rim, making it more durahh' and at the same 

 time tiiickeniug- it so as to give a good means of firmly grasping tlie 

 l)asket. (V. K. Chesmit, m)2, and notes.) 



Woodwardia spinulosa. < iiaiit, (Uiaiii ]''ctii. 



The llupa Indians of northern California use a portion of this fern, 

 either white or dyed orange hrown with alder l)ark, in the pattei'ns of 

 their hat l)askets. (Mary H. Maiming, letter). Tlie parts employed 

 are two slender Hat strands, very flexible and leatliery when moist, 

 which arc extracted from the stalk of the frond. 



Xerophyllum tenax. Xctnpliylluiii. 



The long, tough, minutely serrated, grass-like, lustrous leaves of this 

 plant, often called squawgrass, are very commonly used l)y the Indians 

 of the Northwest Coast as an overlaying material to make the white 

 patterns of their baskets. Occasionally it is dyed. The base of the 

 leaf for an inch or more often has a natural faint purple color which 

 is used to gO(jd efl'ect. The use of the material extends from the Pit 

 River, Shasta, and Hupa Indians, in northern California, northward 

 through most of the tribes west of the Cascade Range to the Neah 

 Bay and Vancouver Island Indians of the Straits of Fuca. These last 

 two use Xerophyllum leaves, cut to a uniform width by a gauged 

 knife-edge, as the weft of their gaudily dyed flexible baskets. 



Yucca arborescens. Tree Yucca. 



The slender roots are sometimes used for red tigures in bask(>ts of 

 the I^mamint Indians of Inyo Coimty, California. 



Yucca arkansana. Yucca. 



The leaves are used in the basketr}^ of the Kaiowa Indians of ( )kla- 

 homa. (J. Moone}^, notes.) 



Yucca baccata. Banana Yucca. 



The Mescalero Apaches of southern New Mexico and adjacent parts 

 )f Texas, in the region between the Rio Grande and Pecos rivers, use 

 the split leaves of this plant for the main portion of their baskets, and 

 its roots for the led patterns (Cat. Nos. 204646 to 204653, U.S.N. M.). 

 It is probable, I am informed by Mr. Vernon Bailey, that they use 

 also in the same way the leaves and roots of Yucca inac/'ocarjMr, an 

 arborescent species growing at lower elevations in the same region. 



