236 



EEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1902. 



with perfect reo-ularity. Such a simple style of fastening- warp and 

 weft together would seem to have occurred to tribes of savages in 

 many parts of the world. Strange to relate, however, excepting in 

 Washington and the ocean side of Vancouver Island, the process is not 

 known. The exception to this statement is to be found in a few spo- 

 radic cases where, perhaps, Nutka and Makah women had married into 

 adjoining tribes. A few of the Salish women make similar ware, and 

 it will be seen in basket hats of the Nez Perce Indians. A small col- 

 lection of this Avare came to the 

 Museum through the Wilkes Ex- 

 ploring Expedition, but the orna- 

 mentation is decidedly Skokomish. 

 Figs. 23 and 24 show the detail 

 of mixed twined weaving, diago- 

 nal twined weaving, and wrapped 

 twined weaving, inside and outside 

 view. The facility with which 

 the basket maker combines these 

 weaves in the same texture gives 

 her complete control over her mate- 

 rial in the matter of ornamentation. 

 The coloring of the two sides of 

 the splints of cercis shows, in the 

 figures, the difference between the 

 outside and the inside of the basket. Another element of technic, not 

 mentioned hitherto, is made apparent here in the requirements of 

 these three different stjdes of workmanship controlling the space 

 somewhat of the warp rods. Perhaps in no other tribe than the Pomo 

 is there such free use of any numl^er of textile methods on the same 

 piece of workmanship to secure different results. 



It is possil)le to combine the several methods of twined weaving 

 and, calling the aid of color, to produce good effects even in unpromis- 

 ing materials. Figs. 25 and 26 show back and front of a square from 

 a Ute basket jar. The first two rows are plain twined work, then 

 come three rows of plain twined work also, though it does not look 

 like it. It incloses warp stems in pairs, and the back and front are 

 alike. It changes to diagonal merely by alternating warps. Below 

 these three rows are diagonal twine, wrapped twine, or Makah weave, 

 comlnned with diagonal. Plate 21 contains five figures, all in diagonal 

 twined weaving. They were made by the Ute Indians and collected 

 long ago by Major J. W. Powell. They represent first of all the dif- 

 ferent results of the same technical process in varied materials. The 

 specimens are all woven precisely alike. Fig. 1 has a coarse, inffexible 

 warp. Fig. 2 has a liner warp, and hence the twists ma}^ be driven 

 closer home. Fig. 4 shows the adaptation of modern shape in facili- 



FlG. '22. 



WRAPPED TWINED WEAVING. 



Makah Indians, Washington. 



