284 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1902. 



she was not hampered by the fear of lessening utility. Figures of 

 similar shapes will be seen in Plates 93, 216. 



(c) Deepening the plate or dish gives the bowl an unlimited number 

 of forms and emancipates the basket maker. All through the south- 

 western United States the olla is the prevailing form. It is a segment 

 cut from a sphere, marvelous in s^^mmetry when the production of a 

 master hand. Departing from this simple outline, varieties are pro- 

 duced ))v flattening the bottom and straightening the body until the 

 truncated cone and regular cylinder are reached. The quality of the 

 material used may have a little to do with the general outline, but it 

 is charming to see how easil}" the savage woman overcomes the obsti- 

 nacy of nature and persuades reluctant wood to do the work of grass 

 and soft libers. Cylindrical forms are in favor with the Aleuts, with 

 the Haidas of Queen Charlotte Islands, with the Tlinkits of south- 

 eastern Alaska, and some tribes in Washington and Oregon. In the 

 eastern parts of Canada and the United States cylindrical forms are 

 mixed with rectangular. The baskets shown in Plate -lO are in the 

 collection of E. L. McLeod, of Bakersfield, California. These are all 

 from Kern County, and include hats as well as domestic forms. It will 

 be noticed that some of the examples have straight conical bodies 

 and others are curved outward, but none are incurved. As models 

 for modern basketry these shapes can not l)e iniproved upon, since 

 they are grounded in the structure of the human body itself. Refer- 

 ence will be again made to the baskets in this plate when the elemen- 

 tary forms are studied that go to make up the designs. The photograph 

 does but half justice to the basketry from this region, which adds to 

 the beauty of outline and variety of design the charms of tints and 

 colors in varied materials. 



(d) Baskets with constricted borders go I)}' the general name of 

 bottlenecks. If a motif be sought outside the desire of the Indian 

 artist to have it thus, there is a style of old Puelilo pottery at hand 

 which stands preeminent in southwestern United States." After the 

 body of the vessel or basket is built up to the required height the 

 work is drawn into the form of a jar or bottle. Attention has already 

 been called to the fact that no pottery existed formerl}" on the west 

 coast of North America. The few exceptions to this rule only intensify 

 this absence. The place of pottery is taken by basketry, even for 

 cooking. There is no limit to the pine trees yielding gum which will 

 render basketry water-tight. The bottle-shaped basket soon appears 

 and is installed as Aquarius of the Utes, the Apache, and other tribes 

 and as a seed vessel. No sooner was its office fixed than it began to dress 

 up in artistic form, and the inimitable bottleneck of the Panamint and 

 other tribes in the Inyo-Kern and Tulare area appeared. The Apaches 



« J. W. Fewkes, Seventeenth Annual Keport of the Bureau of Ethnology, 1898, 

 Plates 130, 131, 143. 



