ABORIGINAL AMERICAN BASKETRY. 311 



Columbia area. It is the California tribes chiefiy that have developed 

 the art, of whieh they practice two styles. In the one tiny bits of col- 

 ored feather are sewed by their .shafts to coiled Ijasketry just to give 

 a iiazy effect to the sui'face. Plate TO is an excelhMit example of this. 

 It will be observed that the elaborate pattern in ])laciv is jiot obseui'ed 

 in the l(>ast ])v the feather. In the other process the feathers ai'c laid 

 one upon another so thickly that the surface of the ])asket is hidden. 

 Th(^ addition of so nuich extraneous matter thickens the foundation 

 and coarsens the work. As previously remarked the best (examples of 

 coiled sewing- are not to be found in the feathered baskets. 



Plate ♦>!) is a colored illustration of a feathered basket, of the Ponio 

 Indians from Sonoma County, California, in the collection of C. P. 

 Wilcoml). It is examples such as these that technically are called 

 jewels. The foundation is a three-rod coil, the sewing is with split 

 sedge root {Carex harbar»'), and the stems of tho feathers are caught 

 under the stitches. The feathers on this rare specimen are as 

 follows: 



Red — AVoodpecker (JL/a/icrj^t s fonn /clnoriON). 



Green — Mallard duck {Anas IjoscJkis). 



Orange — Oriole {Icterm hidlocl-li). 



Yellow — Meadow lark {Sfui'iiclld nxjlecta). 



Black — Quail {L()/>Ji<>:iy,i' calif <>i'n Jcus). 



AYliite wampum (Kaya) — Disks of Sa.ridonnix nuitallii. 



Red wampum (po) — Disks of iiKKjnctlte. 



Pendants of abalone, llalloth sp. 



Long diameter — 9 inches. 



Colored plate kindly furnished by C. P. Wilcomb. 



Plate 7(» is a feathered jewel basket of the I'pper Lakes, who are 

 Pomo Indians, in Lake County, California. The stitches are of the 

 coiled work over three rods and intt'rlocked beneath. The yellow 

 feathers are from the breast of Jushil, the meadow lark {Sturnelhi 

 negJecta); the red ones are the throat and scalp feathers of Katatch, 

 the woodpecker {Melanerpes f<)7n)iiclvoru.s)\ and the l)lack feathers at 

 the top are from the crest of Chikaka, the quail {Lophortyx ealifor- 

 nleuK). In recent forms pi-etty feathers of the peacock and other 

 showy birds gotten in trade are used. The perforated disks are 

 money from the clam shell, Kaya {SaxUlonias ntitfalJif)\ and the 

 iridescent pendants are cut from Tem, or the haliotis shell, which is 

 quite abundant on the Pacitic coast. 



The following list of plants used in coloring have been identified by 

 Frederick W. Coville, Botanist of the Department of Agriculture: 



Alnus r ho mh if alia— White alder. 



AmarantJuis pahn eri — Amaranth. 



Berheris nervosa — Oregon gi'ape. 



Carthamus tinctorius — False saffron. 



