ABORIGINAL AMERICAN BASKETRY. 421 



One of tho laro(\st fiimiiics and most diversitiod, so far as industries 

 are concernc^d, are the Salishan tri])es, east and soutii of th(^. Wakashan 

 A small and detached ])ody of them are to be found on Bentinck Arms, 

 northern l)i-itish Cohunbia, hemmed in on the east ))y Athapascan 

 tribes and on the west l.)y Wakashan tribes. The rest of the family are 

 spread out in British Columbia and Washington, extending from 

 Pug-et Sound northward, southward, and eastward across Idaho and 

 even into Montana. A small body of th(^ same family ai'e on the 

 Oregon coast, about the forty-tifth parallel. 



Situated as thesc^ tril)es are, in the midst of so many other linguistic 

 families, it is not surprising to tind a great variety in the types of 

 their basketry. In the plates here shown (Plates 154 and 155) tig. 1 

 represents ])lain checker weaving; tig. li, twilled weaving, in which 

 both warp and weft pass over two; Hg. 3, another form of twilled 

 work, in which warp and weft pass alternately over two and imder one. 

 Figs. 4 and 5 show the methods of coiled and ind)ricated sewing 

 in the bottom and on the body of a Thom})s()n Riven- or si so-called 

 Klikitat basket. Especial attention will be called later to these 

 types. Fig. O is plain twined weaving in openwork. Fig. 7 is an 

 example of plain twined weaving in openwork over crossed warp 

 of a special character in which every alternate one is \'ertical and 

 the other inclined. It can be easily seen by looking at the tigure 

 that warps arranged vertically and parallel, ever}' other one turns 

 to the left and is caught, not in the twist just above it, but in the 

 first one beyond. Figs. S and i> show the outside and inside of lat- 

 ticed or bird-cage work; tig. 10, a form of twined work in which 

 the tough liber is overlaid hy grass leaves or other colored tiber, 

 adding to the ornamentation but not to the strength; tig. 11, false 

 embroidery, in which the outer element of the twine is wrapped 

 with an additional filament. Myron Eells, who has spent many 

 years among them, and to whom Plates 154 and 155 are to l)e 

 credited, asserts that styles of weaving peculiar to the stocks near by 

 are practiced by a few women of Salishan tribes. This can l)e accounted 

 for in two ways — women from these outside stocks may have married 

 into the tribes under consideration, or, as is fre(|uently the case, the 

 Salish women, in order to learn something new, have taken up the 

 methods of their neighl)ors. 



Immediately south of the Haidas and Tlinkits, the bark of the 

 white cedar {Thuja yllcatit) becoming common, the inner portion is 

 quite tenacious, and since tilaments of almost any recjuired width and 

 length may be obtained, checkerwork weaving is in demand for mats, 

 sails, receptacles for all sorts of objects, parts of house furniture, 

 and even of clothing. The tigure here shown is a typical example 

 of many hundreds of such baskets to be found in collections. The 



