ABORIGINAL AMERICAN BASKETRY. 



439 



The process of this weavino- is explained in ti.os. iJl and 22. Cata- 

 logue No. 23857, collected by J. B. Monteith, height 5 inches; 129680, 

 collected by Mrs. Anna McBean. height 5| inches. 



Fig. 5, Catalogue No. 9040, U. 8. National Museum, is a woman's hat, 

 called a wedding hat, and assigned to the Cascade Indians. It is doubt- 

 less Shahaptian. In every respect it is made like the Nez Perce exam- 

 ples descril)ed, being in wrapped-twined weaving similar to that of the 

 Makah Indians. Height, <)^ inches; collected )>y Dr. James F. (ihiselin. 



Figs. (> and T ;ire women's hats of the Nez Perce Indians, Shahaptian 

 family, collected 1)y F. W. Clark, 5 inches in height, and No. 28587, 

 5 inches in height, collected by J. B. Monteith. 



The Cay use (Waiilatpuan) and Umatilla (Shahaptian) m-dko soft 

 baskets in twined weaving. They are horse Indians and use their 

 wallets for saddle l)ags. The matei'ial is rushes, wild hemp, corn 

 husks, and worsted. The l)ottoms and undecorated portions are plain- 

 twined work. In the ligured parts the 

 husks, split into narrow strips, are admin- 

 istered in four ways — by o\erlaying, not 

 showing on the inside; b}' overlaying and 

 twining so as to show on the inside; l)y 

 false embroidery, wrapped about the weft 

 twine elements on the outside, and by 

 frapping the twined weft as in the 

 Thompson River work (Mrs. jVIcArthur). 



The soft wallets illustrated in Plate 1()S, 

 often called "Sall\' bags," were made 

 by ^A'asco Indians, who belong to the 

 Chinookan family. At present they are on the Warm Springs Reser- 

 vation in Oregon, and the Yakima Reservation in Washington. The 

 wallet in the middle of the plate No. 9041 was presented to the U. S. 

 National Museum by Dr. James T. Ghiselin in 1869; the others were 

 collected ])y Mrs. R. S. Shackelford and Miss E. T. Houtz. They are 

 all made in plain twined weaving over warp of rushes, the ijatterns 

 being eiiected by overlaying the twine of hemp with strips of fiber 

 that in structure reseml)le corn husks. On the newer specimens the 

 designs are clearly shown, representing man (tillacum), elk (mowitch), 

 sturgeon (pish), duck (culla-cuUa). By o))serving the men's faces in 

 the newer specimens, it will be easy to detect the idealized faces on 

 the fine, old wallet in the middle. 



Prof. O. M. Dalton figures in ^^Man" (London), I, note 17, an old 

 Wasco basket wallet with the image of a man in knee breeches on the 

 surface. In the National Museum are a number of new wallets bear- 

 ing this same figure, but the Dalton specimens show that it has been 

 a motive in Wasco weaving for a long period. 



Plate 169 represents twined wallets of the Wasco Indians, Oregon, in 

 the Fred Harvey collection. The foundations are in native hemp 



Fig. 162. 



detail of fig. 161. 



