ABORIGINAL AMERICAN BASKETRY. 525 



willow ])ark. The effect on the surface is to produce almost perpen- 

 dicular lines from the center to the border. New rows are added as 

 the coils enlarge. 



The Pima Indians live partly on vegetable diet, the fruit of the 

 mesquit and of other plants, and the}^ use the granary baskets on plat- 

 Forms for the ])urpose of keeping the dried material out of the way of 

 rodents. 



To make the detail structure more clear a square inch is given in 

 tig. 57. 



This specimen. Catalogue No. 7004(3 in the U. S. National Museum, 

 was collected in Arizona ))y Edward Palmer. 



Plate 235 represents a Pima basketmaker. The Piman family have 

 beiMi supposed to be the connecting link l)etween the Shoshonean of 

 the Great Interior Basin and the Aztec or Nahuatl family of Mexico. 

 In their present situation, however, they are (nit otf from the northern 

 Shoshonean by the extension of the Yiiman famih\ 



MIDDLE AND SOUTH AMERICA 



This genius [Clothd] led tlie souls first to cloths, and drew them within the revolution of the spindle 

 impelled by the hand. — Plato's Republic. 



On the ))order line between the Kepu])lic of Mexico and the United 

 States is a transition between the standard forms which have hitherto 

 been studied and the more open types of lace work and loom work. 

 Coiled basketry of well-known varieties continues on .southward, both 

 in the lowlands and in the mountainous regions to within a few miles of 

 the City of Mexico. Variations from these types are also in evidence, 

 both coiled and twined, the former predominating. Foundations of 

 grass more than an inch thick are built into immense baskets for carry- 

 ing and also granaries, the sewing being done with wide strips of ])ark, 

 wood, and leaves. Taking these coarse baskets for a motive, smaller 

 and finer ones are done in better material, but still the stitches are half 

 an inch apart. There is no occasion for surprise in this, since the linguis- 

 tic families which are represented in Arizona, New Mexico, and Cali- 

 fornia are also continued into the Republic of Mexico. In this area the 

 student is clearly "within the revolution of the spindle.'' In addition 

 to the coiled work just mentioned will l)e found coiling of the hammock 

 type, and, interesting to know, the Chippewa on Lake Superior and 

 the Loucheux type on the Mackenzie River are here reproduced in the 

 carrying basket (see fig. 106). Starting out from very plain, coarse 

 varieties of this work, it passes on into the lace-work burden baskets 

 of the Pima, Papago, and Mohave. The figures wrought into these 

 lace-work baskets are the same as are to be seen in the labyrinthian 

 patterns on the basket bowls of the Pima. Quite as interesting as 

 an}^ of these types, the wrapped weaving before described is found in 

 burden baskets of the Mohave. It must be recalled at this point, 



