PREHISTORIC ART. 



407 



(2) They Avere made by the man of the Paleolithic period. 



(3) With these tools and implements it is qnite i)Ossible to do the art 

 work ascribed to that period. 



(4) With tlie engraving implements and tools herein described are 

 found other objects made by man, and all these are associated in suf- 

 ficient numbers to establish their common use. 



From these facts the conclusion is drawn that the 

 work was done with these imidements. 



1( 



MATERIAL. 



]A 





stone, wory, hone, liorii, wood. — There are several 



engravings and sculptures in stone, but they are 



comparatively few. The fragments of two such 



were found at tlie station of Solutre, but it is not 



well determined what animals they were intended 



to represent. The great cave bear on a waterworn 



schist or schistose pebble, found at the Grotto of 



Massat; a horse found at Les Eyzies by Lartet and 



Cliristy; and the sketches on slate of five reindeer 



from LaMadelaine; with some small examples from 



the Grotto of Ohaffaud, are the principal examples 



of the use of stone. 



Ivory was employed principally for sculpture, as 



witness the discovei-ies of Judge Piette at Brassem- 

 pony and Mas d'Azil just 

 described (pp. 374 and 400), 

 though the representation of 

 the mammoth on his own tusk, 

 found by Lartet at La Made- 

 laine, was an engraving. The 

 teeth of animals were also 

 employed. The canines of the bear have been 

 found with a seal engraved in feeble relief. 



Shoulder blades and ribs were often utilized. 

 Deer horns frequently served, but the material 

 does not seem to have been altogether satis- 

 factory to the prehistoric artist. The reindeer 

 horn answered better. It was smooth, hard, 

 homogeneous, tough without being fibrous, and 



would cut or scratch in any direction. It furnishes about three-fourths 



of the specimens of the art work of the period. 



Wood may have been employed for art work, but of this we have 



little or no proof. Keasoning by analogy, we may con(!lude that it was 



so used. It was easier to work than was bone or horn, and would serve 



equally as well for many objects. The objection that no such specimens 



of wood have been found is offset by the answer that they may have 



all decayed. 



Fig. 09. 



IVORY SCULPTURE REP- 

 RESENTING A WOMAN 

 (HEADLESS). 



Laugerie Basse. 



CoIIeL-tiim, Marquis \'ibraye. 



Fig. 70. 



HUMAN HEAD 'RUDELY EN- 

 GRAVED ON A FRAGMENT 

 OF REINDEER HORN. 



Grotto of Kochebertier (Ch:ir 

 elite). 



Fi»un<l I'y Abbe Bourgeois. Museum ol 

 Schocil uf .\nthropology, Paris. ^^ nat- 



