606 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1896. 



number of instruments of this class. They are of the finely polished red 

 and black ware and have four finger holes. All are more or less broken. 



In the American Museum of Natural History at Central Park, New 

 York, I saw one of these instruments with the bell mouth and decora- 

 tions, similar to fig. 251 just described, and also to specimens in the 

 South Kensington Museum figured and described by Carl Engel.' 



But there were two others, in fragments, which, instead of ending in 

 a bell-shaped mouth, terminated in a man's head, face or mask of the 

 usual Mexican type. The face looked directly in front and was only 

 slightly larger in diameter than the tube. The instrument itself was 

 nearly a cylinder with no variations in diameter. The forehead and 

 sides of the face were firmly attached to and formed part of the tube. 

 The orifice or venthole for the expulsion of air is placed under the chin 

 and corresponds to the throat. 



Fig. 252 represents an instrument somewhat like those just described. 

 It was lately i^resented to the Museum by Mr. Newton H. Chittenden, 

 and is said to have been found in ancient Aztec ruins in Mexico. It is 

 made of grayish-colored clay and painted black. The workmanship is 

 rather rude and the clay not so well tempered as in some of the speci- 

 mens before mentioned. The upi>er part is in the form of a grotesque 

 human head with the tongue i^rotruding. The headdress is quite elab- 

 orate and contains the whistling apparatus. There are two projections, 

 one on each side of the hollow tube, which are ornamented with incised 

 lines. The expanding bf^ll-shaped end is decorated in relief, and with 

 incised lines and dots. There are four finger holes, but so much of 

 the mouthpiece is missing that its former musical capacity can not be 

 ascertained. 



The collection of Mrs. J. Crosby Brown, of New York, in the Metro- 

 politan Museum of Art, Central Park, contains a number of instruments 

 similar to the foregoing. They are figured in an interesting work 

 entitled Musical Instruments and their Homes.^ Keferring to these 

 instruments the author says in jiart: 



Wo must distinguish three different classes. The iirst consists of those which 

 have heen introduced by the European invaders, the second consists of the instru- 

 ments of native origin now in actual use, the third class are those which have been 

 preserved in the various mounds and pyramids of the Aztecs. 



To the latter class the instruments here described undoubtedly belong. 



An instrument presented by Mrs. J. Crosby Brown is shown in fig. 

 253. It is in the form of a reptile highly conventionalized. The body 

 is a cylindrical tube, with the open end projecting below the neck of 

 the reptile. At the opposite extremity the tube is enlarged somewhat 

 to accommodate the whistling mechanism, and a tapering continuation 

 forms the tail, which serves as a mouthpiece. There are four finger 

 holes on the upper part or back. The lowest tone is obtained with all 



' Musical Instruments, p. 62. 



sBrown, Musical Instruments and their Homes, p. 311, figs. 6-9. 



