CHESS AND PLAYING-CARDS. 763 



by the collector, was kindly placed in my bands by Mr. F. Webb Ifodge, 

 of the Bnreau of Anierican Ethnology: 



Grains of coin or pebbles are laid in the form of a scinare, in sections of ten each. 

 Tlic two jilayers sit on eitlier side. Tlie sticks, called e-pfe, are thrown in turn on a 

 stone placed in the square. Tiie counts are as follows : 



2 flat and notched stick notches up =: 1.5 



3 round sides up ^10 

 3 flat sides up = 7 

 2 flat and 1 lound side not notched up =: 3 

 1 flat and 2 round sides not notched ui> = 1 



The players move tiieir markers between the giaius or pebbles according to their 

 throw, going in opposite directions. The one first returning to the starting point 

 wins. This is the ordinary way. Sometimes, the markers being considered as horses, 

 a player will attempt to kill his adversary's horses. In tbis case he so announces at 

 the commencement of the gan)e, and he then moves his marker in the same direction, 

 and, by duplicating the first throw, or, if at any future stage of the game, alwaj'8 

 following, he succeeds in placing his marker where his adversary's is, by so doing 

 he kills that horse (marker) and sends him back to the place of beginning. The 

 latter may then elect to move in the same direction as before, and kill and send back 

 his adversary, but, if he wishes, he may go in the opposite direction, in which case 

 he does no killing. The game is called Tuf/i-e-j)fc, meaning "the thrown stick" 

 (tugi "to throw"). 



Mr. Dozier states that the stick with fifteen notches gives rise to the 

 Mexican name of Quince (ftlteen), which is sometimes given its Tewa 

 equivalent Tadi-pira no-pfe^ and Juego de Pastor (Shepherd's game). 



Tewa. Isleta, New Mexico. 



Mr. Charles F. Lummis^ gives the following acconut of the game in 

 Isleta: 



The boys gather forty smooth stones the size of the fist, and arrange them in a 

 circle about 3 feet in diameter. Between every tenth and eleventh stone is a gate 

 of 4 or 5 inches. These gates are called p'dy-hlah (rivers). In the center of the 

 circle, ija-tol ixilit-hch — "pa-tol house," is placed a large cobblestone, smooth and 

 approximately flat on top, called h>iee-oh-tee-(ii/. There is your pa-tol ground. 



The pa-tol sticks, which are the most important part of the paraphernalia, are 

 three in number. Sometimes they are made by splitting from dry branches, and 

 sometimes by whittling from a solid block. The chief essential is that the wood be 

 firm and hard. Th(> sticks are 4 to 5 inches long, about an inch wide, and a quarter 

 of an inch thick, and must have their sides flat, so that the three may be clasped 

 together very much as one holds a pen, but more nearly perpendicular, with the 

 thumb and first three fingers of the right hand. Each stick is plain on one side 

 and marked on the other, generally with diagonal notches, as shown in fig. 8r). 



The only other requisite is a kah-nid-ileh (horse) for each player, of whom tliere 

 may be as many as can seat themselves around the pa-tol house. The "horse" 

 is merely a twig or stick, used as a marker. When the players have seated them- 

 selves, the first ti'.kes the patol sticks tightly in his right hand, lifts them about 

 as high as his chin, and, bringing them down with a smart vertical thrust, as if to 

 harpoon the center stone, lets go of them when they are within some 6 inches of it. 

 The three sticks strike the stone as one, hitting on their ends squarely, and, rel)oi!nd- 

 ing several inches, fall back into the circle. The manner in which thev fall 



A New Old Game, in A New Mexico David, New York, 1891, p. 183. 



