CHESS AND PLAYING-CARDS. 



785 



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came uppermost, ho gaiiuul the count of his opponent of the South, if his slip, the 



slip of the North, fell uppermost on the Ked man's slips. 



The latter thus forfeited alike his double throw and his 



appropriate number, three. The tally of these purely cos- 



mical counts was kept with the bundle of splints; the tally 



of the cast-counts or their sums were kept with the grains 



by counting out, and that of the individual by moving the 



pointer of the passageway as many dots or grain-places to 



the left as the cast called for. If a player of the East or 



North overtook a player of the West or South, if his ])ointer 



fell in the same space, lie maimed his op])oneiit — sent him 



back to his passageway —and robbed him of his load ; that 



is, took or made him forfeit his counts. 



The completion of the fourth circuit by any one of the 

 players closes the ordinary game, providing the sum of the 

 cosmical counts had been won by him, and the player who, 

 with his ijartner, had the largest aggregate of both lot and 

 cosmical counts was the winner. 



There were many variants of this game as to counts. 

 Some of these were so complifated that it was absolutely 

 impossible for me to gain knowledge of them in the short 

 practice I had in the play. I have given here, not very 

 jirecisely or fully, the simplest form I know, excci)t that 

 of the lot and diagram, which was quite like that of Ta' 

 sho'-Ji-toe (or wood canes), which may be seen by the above 

 description to be an obvious derivative both in mode and 

 name of the older game of "canes." It was evidently thus 

 divorced for purposes of exoteric play, as it is practiced not 

 only by men but also by women. 



Fig. 112 represents the obverse of a set of Zuni 

 canes for Slio'-li-we reproduced iroin memory by 

 Mr. Cnsbing for the writei' in the summer of 1S93. 

 It will be observed that the a'-ihhi-a, the ujjper- 

 niost cane in tig, 1 12, corresponding with the north, 

 is marked on the convex side with a cross, agree- 

 ing directly in this respect with one of the sticks 

 in the Tewan game (fig. 88). This ijecnliarity, in 

 one form or another, is repeated thronghoiit almost 

 the entire series of implements described, the ob- 

 veise of one of the sticks in many of the sets being 

 carved or burned, while in others one of the staves 

 is tied about the middle. In attempting to ac- 

 count for this it occurred to the writer to compare 

 the Znni stick beaiing the cross mark with an 

 atlall or throwing stick (tig. 113) from a Cliff dwell- 

 ing in Mancos Canyon, Colorado, in the Univer- 

 sity of Pennsylvania Museum. 



Mr. Cushing had alrt'iuly suggested to me that 

 the a'-thlu-a, placed beneath the others in throwing 

 corresponded with the atlatl. The comparison 

 contirmed his suggestions. The cross mark is clearly the cross wiap- 

 NAT MUS !)(> 5U 



