CHESS AND PLAYING-CARDS. 



869 



zontal and vertical lines, and as there are nineteen lines m either direc- 

 tion, the number of places on which the men can be played is 19 by 19= 

 three hundred and sixty-one. 



The Korean board is made in the form of a small hollow table, difler- 

 ing from the Japanese board, which consists of a solid block of wood. 

 In China the boards are printed on paper. The men used in Korea 

 are small, polished, black pebbles and irregular pieces of white shell. 

 The players place their men alternately on any of the points of inter- 

 section of the horizontal and vertical lines not already occupied, the 

 object of the game being to occupy as much of the board as oossible. 



Fig. 172. 



BOAKD FOB PA-TOK. 



Height, 11 inches; 16J inches square. 

 Korea. 



Cat. No. 164.31, Museum of Archteology, University of Pennsylvania. 

 From Korean Games. 



victory being decided in favor of the player who has command of the 

 most spots. Space can be occupied in two ways: by placing men on 

 the different points, and by forming an inclosure with one's men, the 

 space thus contained being reckoned as one's territory. The latter 

 gives the Chinese name to the game.' 



The invention of the game of Wai ¥i, of which some of the most inter- 

 esting characteristics are exemplified in the Korean Pa-toTc, is attributed 

 by the Chinese to the Emperor Yao (B. C. 2356), or, according to other 



1 For an account of Wai k'i, see Z. Volpicelli, Journal of the China Branch of the 

 Eoyal Asiatic Society, XXVI, p. 80, Shanghai, 1804; also: 



Herbert A. Giles, Wei Ch'i; or the Chinese Game of War, Temple Bar, XLIX, p. 

 194. Reprinted in Historic China and Other Sketches, London, 1882, p. 330. 



K. Himly, Die Abteilungeu dev Spicle im Spiegel der Mandschu.sprache, T'ouu"- 

 Pao, VII, p. 135. 



Thomas Hyde, De Ludus Orieutalil)ns, Oxford, 1694, p. 195. 



