882 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1896. 



(h) Reproduction of native picture of Korean officials in military 

 court-dress wearing quiver with arrows.^ 



The quiver exhibited has ten arrows, while in the native picture five 

 arrows are represented as being worn. These are regarded by the 

 writer as corresponding with the Five Directions, and as symbols of 

 regnal or universal authority.^ They are worn by the King himself, as 

 well as officers who receive orders from him. The actual arrows are 26 

 inches in length, made of lacquered bamboo with white feathering and 

 no points. The quiver is of Japanese leather ornamented with silver 

 disks and sewed along the edges with colored silk.^ 



Chinese generals wear (or wore) a set of six arrows as an insignia of 

 rank. A set of such arrows (Cat. No, 17686) in the Museum of the Uni- 

 versity, picked up in August, 1894, on the field of A-San in Korea, three 

 days after the battle, by Dr. E. B. Landis, are six in number (fig. 190). 

 The shafts are of white wood, 37 inches in length, feathered with two 



Fig. 190. 



CEREMONIAL ARROW. 



Insignia of Chinese general. 



One of set of six, inscribed with names of twelve " branches." 



Length, 42 inches. 



Cat. No. 17686, Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania. 



feathers and painted with a red ribbon on the shaftment and at the 

 nock. The points are of iron, leaf-shaped and painted black, and are 

 fastened in the shaftment with a wrapping of cherry-bark. They 

 are painted in red with the twelve characters which stand as names for 

 the Twelve Branches or Duodenary Cycle.^ These signs are used to 



' Korean Gaines. 



" The flag of a Chinese general in the University Museum (Cat. No. 16813) consists of 

 five vertical stripes, of green, yellow, black, white, and red, the colors of the East, 

 Middle, North, West, and South. 



^'Walter Hough, Korean Collections in the National Museum, Report U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., 1891, p. 481. 



••Used in connection with the Tea Stems to form a cycle of sixty combinations 

 employed by the Chinese from remote antiquity for the purpose of designating suc- 

 cessive days, and, since the Han dynasty, applied to the numboriug of years. Twelve 

 animals: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Hare, Dragon, Serpent, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Cock, Dog, 

 and I'ig are associated with the Twelve Branches, and are believed to exercise an 



I 



