66 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1925 



lation was removed to the near-by Santa Barbara Mission, which 

 was accomplished frradually after the establishment of the mission 

 in 1782, the Franciscans erected a massive adobe warehouse on the 

 mound, the old Indian canoe landing place in front of the mound 

 havin<r become "el puerto de Santa Barbara," the port of Santa 

 Barbara. Ships visiting; Santa Barbara used to <2;et water from the 

 larfje spring on the southern slope of the mound. Joseph Chapman, 

 a young Englishman who had been captured when pirates made a 

 raid on the California coast, purchased the mound from the Fran- 

 ciscans in the early twenties and started a flour mill there. In the 

 forties the mound became the property of George Nidiver, famous 

 otter hunter and friend of General Fremont. In the sixties the 

 mound pi-operty was owned by Lewis T. Burton, whose name it still 

 bears. The hotel was erected on the site in 1901. The shape and 

 extent of the Indian village and graveyards was laboriously worked 

 out by excavation and successive cultures traced, for the site proved 

 to be very ancient. 



In the cemetery plots, most of the bodies were buried in hunched- 

 up positions with the head to the north, that is, in the direction of the 

 mountain range. Many of the graves had been lined with whale- 

 bone slabs, some fine specimens of which were obtained. A great 

 variety of belongings, large and small, had been stowed away with 

 the bodies, and traces of matting, basketry, and wooden utensils in- 

 dicated that the areheologist had been deprived of the richest treas- 

 ures through decomposition in the ground. One complete wooden 

 awl for basketr}', guch as is described by the early fathers, was re- 

 covered. Several of the graves contained caches of large and beau- 

 tifully finished steatite bowls; these were manufactured at the stea- 

 tite quarries on Santa Catalina Island and were brought up the 

 channel for barter in Indian canoes. Screening the earth brought a 

 surprising variety of shell and glass beads. The shell beads have 

 been sorted and classified, and the kind of native shell used for each 

 variety has been determined. 



In 1924 the Burton Mound property was sold and subdivided. 

 Extensive grading of the property for new streets and trenching for 

 pipe lines of various kinds was carefully watched and reported on by 

 Prof. I). B. Hogers, who has cooperated with Mr. Harrington in this 

 work, and yielded new information about the stratification of the 

 mound and a good sized additional collection of artifacts. A new 

 hotel with large cellar excavations is about to be built on the crest of 

 the mound and observation of these operations will doubtless add 

 still further data to that already presented in the report. 



On completing the Burton Mound paper, ^Ir. Harrington prepared 

 a report on the archeology of the Santa Barbara region, dealing with 



