CARNIVOROUS BUTTERFLIES 



By Austin II. Clark 



CONTENTS 



Pat( 



lUiLtcrflies in general 440 



The lycicnids 440 



The caterpillars of tlie lycsenids 440 



Uutterlly cannibals 441 



Lyca^nid caterpillars and ants 441 



The signal towers of lyc.-enid larvis 442 



The whirling brushes of Curetis caterpillars 442 



Ant resistant lycsenid caterpillars 443 



" Electric " lycjenid caterpillars 443 



Stinging lycainid caterpillars 444 



The discovery of carnivorous butterflies 444 



The Carnivorous butterflies 448 



Carnivorous butterflies feeding on the secretions of other insects 449 



Butterflies with habits suggesting carnivorous propensities 450 



Gcrydus symcthus 450 



Allot inus horsfieldi 451 



Allotinus nivalis 451 



Gerydince, sp. indet 452 



A noucarnivorous butterfly feeding with impunity among ants on coccid secre- 

 tions 452 



Qerydus chinensis 453 



Mcgadopalpus xymna 456 



Liphyra brassolis 460 



Buliyhyra mirifica 472 



Aslaur/a vininga 476 



Aslauga lamborni : 476 



Lycwna arion 477 



Lycwna arionides 487 



Lycwna alcon 487 



Spalgis cpius 489 



Spalgis Icmolea 490 



Fcniseca tarquinins 492 



Occurrence and habits 492 



Broods 494 



Oviposition 495 



Eggs 495 



First larval stage 496 



Second larval stage 496 



Third larval stage 497 



Fourth and last larval stage 497 



Rapidity of growth of the caterpillars 499 



Pupal stage 499 



Duration of the pupal stage 501 



Food of the caterpillars 502 



Relationship with ants 503 



Enemies 504 



Associates of the caterpillars 505 



Lachnocnema hibuhts ."lOo 



Triclema lamias 507 



439 



