CARNIVOROUS BUTTERFLIES CLARK 449 



locality or flying back and forth along a path, and are very loth 

 to leave any particular spot. Some, like Gerydus chinensis, seem 

 to become more active toward evening, but others fly only in the 

 middle of the day, and only on sunny days. Colonel Bingham writes 

 that in India the habits of the members of this subfamily are alike. 

 The females, at any rate of Gerydus and Allotirms, which he has 

 closely observed in life, flutter about among low bushes and the 

 undergrowth at the edges of the forest. The males, on the con- 

 trary, sit erect on the upper side of the leaves at the extremity of 

 some branch of a tree at no great height above the ground, and from 

 these points of vantage make short, sharp, circling flights, returning 

 to the same or a neighboring leaf and invariably sitting with their 

 heads turned toward the open and not toward the tree. 



The subfamily Liphyrinse includes the genera Lipkyra, EuUphyra, 

 and Aslauga, containing the largest and stoutest species of Lycseni- 

 dse. As in the Gerydinse the species are largely black or dark brown 

 above with brown or white markings, and some, at least, fly toward 

 evening. The butterflies of this subfamily seem to be related to 

 those of the Curetinse, though the caterpillars of the latter are all 

 plant feeders. 



In the very large and heterogeneous subfamily Lycseninse, which 

 includes all our blues and coppers, the genera Spalgis^ Feniseca^ 

 and LacTinocnsma contain only carnivorous species, while species 

 of Lyccena and of Triclema are at first plant feeders, becoming car- 

 nivorous in the later stages. 



The butterflies actually known to have carnivorous caterpillars are 

 the following: 



Subfamily Gerydinse. ' Subfamily Lycaeninse. 



Gerydus chinensis. Lyccpna avion. 



Megalopalpus zymnu. Lyccena alcon. 



Subfamily Lipbyrinte. ^palgis epius. 



Liphyra brassolis. Spalgis leinolea. 



Euliphyra miriflca. Femseca tarquinius. 



Aslauga vininga. Lachnocnenia hibulus. 



Aslanga lamborni. Triclema lamias. 



CARNIVOROUS BUTTERFI.IES FEEDING ON THE SECRETIONS OF OTHER 



INSECTS 



Mr. W. A. Lamborn found a female Megalopalpus zyrnna on the 

 same stem with a membracid {Leptocentrus aUifrons) and four 

 attendant ants. The butterfly was probing with its proboscis under 

 and around the membracid, and he was quite sure that the proboscis 

 occasionally touched the insect's body. 



On another occasion Mr. Lamborn took a male and a female 

 which were probing with their tongues under and around a mem- 



