1916 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 97 



7th, aucl on about April 10th we had an account from the country where wu found 

 th.eni plentifully. 



Mii. Wilson : In 1900, about the loth June. 1 received a report of damage by 

 potato beetles up Nortii and I proceeded there, but could find no potato beetles of 

 any kind, and I had good evidence that cutworms were present. 



The Presidext: If there is no farther discussion on this' paper we shall now 

 bring this session to a conclusion. 



Mk. Gibsox: Several of the members undoubtedly would like to spend some 

 time looking over our collections here, and as I think we have plenty of time for 

 all the papers on the programme to-morrow morning, I would move that the session 

 begin at 9.30 instead of ?/.00 o'clock. 



Mi{. ToTiiiLL : I second that motion. 



The Presidext: To-night we are to have the privilege of hearing a public 

 lecture from Dr. H. T. Fernald, State Entomologist of Massachusetts. Dr. Fernald 

 has been most kind in stepping into a breach which was made by the unfortunate 

 accident to Dr. Howard, who Avould otherwise have delivered this lecture, and I 

 take it for granted that evcrj-body here will be there to-night as we ought to give 

 Dr. Fernald a good audience, and I hope the members here will do their best in 

 bringing their friends to hear Dr. Fernald. Tlie lecture starts at 8.00 p.m. 



The meeting is now adiourned. 



Thuhsday, Xov. 4th. 

 EVENING SESSION. 

 LIFE ZONES IX ENTOMOLOGY AND THEIR RELATION TO CROPS. 

 H. T. Fernald, Amherst, Mass. 



From the time when the late Alfred Russel "Wallace published his epoch-making 

 volumes on " The Geographical Distribution of Animals," this subject has been one 

 of extreme interest. Wallace used his discoveries in this line as evidences of evo- 

 lution, an'l ])rovidcd many able arguments to su])port the theory from that source. 

 The possibility of a practical application of distribution to agriculture, however, 

 seems not to have received consideration by him, and it was apparently left for 

 Dr. ('. Hart Merriam to present this phase of the suliject, though in a somewhat 

 general way, in his paper on " Life Zones and Crop Zones in the United States,** 

 about a quarter of a century later. 



Two years ago, Dr. E. M. "Walker, in his presidential address before this 

 society, discussed at some length the life zones as they are found in northern North 

 America, and therefore only a brief reference to this phase of the subject is necessary 

 at this time. Studies of the distribution of plants and animals all show that on any 

 continental area, belts running from east to west across the country are inhabited 

 largely by the same forms, while as we go north or south to the limits of these* 

 belts, we find other species beginning tc present tliemselves, and these increase until, 

 finally we are surrounded by a fauna and flora almost entirely different, and belon/?- 

 ing to a different belt. 



Sufli belts constitute the so-called life /^ones and these are grouped into regions, 

 that covering the tropical portion of tlie continent heing called the Tropical Region, 



