1916 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 159 



From the above table it will be seen that in fields where mixtures Nos. 3 

 and 4 containing oranges were used, higher death counts per square yard were 

 obtained. The mixtures in which sawdust was used are, indeed, very promising 

 and further work with these mixtures will be conducted. The results obtained 

 with mixture No. 8 are certainly remarkable and indicate the value of this new 

 and very cheap poisoned bait. In the report of the Society for 1914,* Mr. 

 Norman C riddle stated that he had experimented with sawdust and salt in 

 Manitoba and claimed that with the salt and sawdust he obtained about the same 

 results as with salt and bran. In the experiments tabulated above the highest 

 death rate was obtained, as will be seen, in the use of mixture Xo. 9, which 

 killed, on an average, 514 locusts per square yard of field. 



As above mentioned each mixture treated an area of five acres. In the sawdust 

 mixtures the amount of water necessary, of course, will vary with the dryness 

 or otherwise of the material at hand. Two gallons may be sufficient, or more 

 may be required. The carrier, whether this be sawdust or bran, should be notice- 

 ably moistened, not made into a mash, or moistened too much to prevent its being 

 crumbled through the fingers. The farmers in general on whose lands the experi- 

 ments were conducted were much pleased with the success of the mixtures. Those 

 on whose fields mixtures 3, 4 and 8 were used have specially reported that the 

 crops were saved by the treatment. In all of these experiments ^nly the one 

 application was made. The work of spreading the mixtures and making the 

 death counts was satisfactorily accomplished by Mr. T. Eankin, a student assistant. 



At Lanoraie, in Quebec Province, a series of similar experiments were con- 

 ducted under my direction by Messrs. Beaulieu and Beaulne, officers of the Ento- 

 mological Branch. Unfortunately, the work here was seriously interfered with 

 by exceptional heavy and continuous rain and wind storms. In heavily infested 

 fields where mixtures similar to Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4, but with shorts instead of 

 bran, the locusts were much reduced in numbers by the applicat'ion, but the 

 heavy rains which followed soon after the mixtures were spread made it im- 

 possible to make important observations as to the death c>ounts. On June 17, 

 mixture No. 6, as above, was spread in a field of oats. Five days later three counts 

 only were made owing to a misunderstanding and these gave 300, 305 and 328 

 dead to the square yard. A heavy rain and wind storm took place between 3 p.m. 

 and 9 p.m. on June 17, and undoubtedly many locusts which had fed on the 

 mixture in the early morning were poisoned and later washed away by the deluge. 

 On June 28, mixture No. 1 distributed over a pasture field resulted in an average 

 of 129 dead locusts to the square yard. Sixteen counts were made across the 

 field and on the date mentioned many of the insect^ were in the winged condition. 

 On June 25 I visited Lanoraie and in a field of rye in which mixture No. 3 

 with shorts used instead of bran large numbers of dead insects! were observed. 

 The following counts in different parts of the field were made, 220, fi35, 408. 235, 

 19.'. 523. 609. 395, 259. an average of 386 dead to the square yard. Bead locusts 

 were found in numbers as far as 249 feet from the troatod field. 



Organization and Co-operatton Necessary to Control I^ocusts Over 



Widespread Areas. 



In 1915 the value of early organization to control serious outbreak? of 

 locusts was strikingly illustrated in the Province of Quebec. In the Parish of 

 St. Etienne de Ores where our Entomolo?ical Circular No. 5 had been freely 



•Rep. Ehit. Soc. Ont.. 1914. p. 102. 



