1917 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 41 



« 



the calyx end. There were a number of side worms, but not so many as we expected. 

 ;My estimate made the first week in October for the total of the fruit lx)th on the 

 frees and the ground was that it ran somewhere between 5 and 10 per cent., with 

 an average of probably 8 per cent. There was very little difference between the 

 different plots. ' 



Cheek trees and poorly sprayed orchards nearby varied from 30 per cent, to 

 SO per cent, wormy with alx)ut To per cent, of these entering at the calyx end. It 

 is quite clear, therefore, that the dusting will control the Codling' Moth 

 satisfactorily. 



5. The Plum Curculio. — "With the exception of one or two rows of 1;rees border- 

 ing upon the mountain, and in some. thickets along one side of the dusted part of the 

 orchard Curculio injuries were scarce. Even on the Avorst infested trees much 

 fewer apples dropped or were deformed than I had expected. The vigorous condition 

 of the trees may have had something to do with this. The liquid sprayed part was 

 freest from Curculio injuries, but owing to a difference in surroundings it is im- 

 possible to determine whether the spraying was the caused The check trees were 

 much worse infested, but in most cases tlieir surroundings were more favorable for 

 these insects. 



6. Other Biting Insects. — All the plots were to some extent infested with Fall 

 Cankerworms, Bud-moth, Case-bearers and Lesser Apple-worms. The percentage 

 of Jhese killed could not with the time at our disposal be determined; there was, 

 however, not much difference in the amount of injury done in the various plots. 



Eesults ox Sweet CciErjuES, PlumS', Peaches axd Grapes. 



As very few of the members of our Society, or of the others present are 

 specially interested in plant diseases, I shall not go into details of the experiments 

 with the dust on plums, peaches, cherries and grapes, but merely state that on 

 sweet cherries, which are much more subject to rot than sour, the dust spray gave 

 about equally as good results as either lime-sulphur or Bordeaux mixture, and that 

 all these plots were much cleaner than the check. On plums (Lombard variety) 

 the rot was controlled. On the checks of the same variet}' there was considerable 

 rot. On peaches there was so little rot even on the unsprayed trees that no con- 

 clusions eould be drawn. 



On Roger varieties of grapes, which are of course specially subject to Powdery 

 Mildew, tliis disease was thoroughly controlled, whereas on checks there was con- 

 siderable of the disease both on the leaves and berries. The season was, however, 

 not specially favorable for MildeAv, and there was almost ho Black Eot. 



CONCLUSIOiCS. 



My results with the dust spray apply only to Grimsby district and Grimsbp 

 weather conditions. I have some doubt Avhether in other districts with the closest 

 study of the weather and a good knowledge of the life history of the apple scab 

 fungus, I could have so chosen the dates and numbers of application as to control 

 "the scab on apples. It is certain that in some places the ordinar}' recommendations 

 would have had to be modified. 



A great drawback to the dust method is that we have not yet found a really 

 satisfactory powder that will control scale insects or other sucking insects. Finely 

 ground soluble-sulphur mixed Avith hydrated lime gave me fairly good results on 

 San Jose Scale, but there is almost sure to be trouble with this mixture, because 

 of its tendency to absorb moisture and then harden, thus clogging the slit in the 



