1917 EXTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 97 



Bakking the Log.s. ir lliL' cut, or any part of it, must be left over summer 

 in the woods, such logs can be completely protected by barking them before the 

 middle of July. Tlio beetles will not lay their eggs upon bare wood, and the 

 young grubs feed for nearly a month on tlie ijiner bark and sap-wood before 

 boring in below the wood surface. 



Covering Logs With Brush. If barking the logs is considered too expensive, 

 or must be discarded for lack of labor, we believe that the logs can be quite as 

 completely protected by covering them densely with brush before the men leave the 

 woods, or at least before June 1st. The logs should, of course, be piled on skidways, 

 and should receive a very thick and complete covering of green spruce, pine or 

 balsam boughs. The spruce l)rush makes the densest shade, and should, therefore, 

 be used when it is easily available. The beetles love the sunlight, and will not enter 

 the dense shade to deposit their eggs in the bark. 



Other methods employed in our tests, and recommended by certain lumber- 

 men, gave a varying amount of protection, but none of them for either cheapness 

 of operation or effectiveness in protection could be compared favorably with covering 

 with brush. For instance, crib-piling the logs in the open does not in our experience 

 protect effectively the under side of large pine logs, since the under side is only 

 moderately shaded and not effectively dried ; spruce logs are, apparently, fairly well 

 protected by crib-piling, probably l>ecause the bark is thinner and dries more 

 rapidly. 



The I:\rroRTED Alder LEAF-:sriNER, Kaliosyphinga dohrnii. 



This interesting species has been recorded in American literature several times, 

 apparently under different names. Professor Slingerland's specimens, bred from 

 European alder at Ithaca, N.'Y., were determined by Konow as dohrnii. Dr. 

 Fletcher referred to the species found in European alder at Ottawa as Fenusa 

 melanopoda. Mr. Harrington refers to the same species under Fenusa varipes St. 

 Farq. (melanopoda Can.), and Dyer describes the larva of the "Imported Alder 

 Leaf-miner " under Fenusa varipes St. F. 



The imported alders in the Arboretum at the Experimental Farm, Ottawa, 

 have been attacked by the leaf -miner for many years. Dr. Fletcher stated in 1891 

 that it had been injurious for the three precding years to the imported alders in 

 the Arboretum ; and in 1893 Mr. Harrington recorded it from native alders in 

 that neighborhood. For the last four summers several species of these imported 

 alders have been very heavily infested so that their beauty has been very largely 

 destroyed. This season spraying was commenced, and the numbers of the insects 

 greatly reduced. A species, probably the same, has been abundant for several seasons 

 in native alders in a swamp about three-quarters of a mile from the Arboretum, 

 so that, as Mr. Harrington has stated, the species is apparently well established. 



The Injury. The larvas excavate mines beneath the upper surface of the 

 leaves, causing unsightly brownish blisters. The blisters increase in size as the 

 larvae feed, turn brown, merge into each other, and may entirely cover the upper 

 surface so that the upper epidermis is completely separated, and the leaves killed. 

 There are sometimes more than n dozen larvn? working in one leaf. 



When the attack is severe the beauty of the foliage is largely destroyed, and 

 the destruction of so much leaf surface must have the effect of weakening the trees. 



The Adult. The adult in=cct is a small, shining, black sawfly about three 

 millimetres in length, with brownish tibiae and tarsi and dusky wings; the radial 

 7 e.s. 



