GRASS FAMILY Gl 



ows and hillsides: Greenl. — ^N.H. — N.M. — Calif. — Aluiska; Eurasia. Subalp, 

 Alp, JI-Aii. 



5. T. majus (Vasey) Rydb. Cospitose perennial; stems 2-5 dm. hi^h, 

 glabrous; leaf-blades 5-15 cm. long, 1-4 mm. wide, usually flat; panicle (jften 

 interrupted, acute, green, rarely purple, 6-15 cm. long; empty glume lanceolate, 

 acuminate, about 6 mm. long, usuall}^ a little longer than tlu* lemma; awn bent 

 and twisted, 7-8 mm. long. T. sahspicafum Am. auth., not Heauv. Meadows: 

 Mont. — Colo. — Utah — B.C. Subwont, — Suhalp 



35. GRAPHEPHORUM Desv. 



Erect perennials, with short rootstocks. Inflorescence i)aniculate. Spike- 

 lets 2-4-flowered, flattened, the rachilla hirsute and extending beyond the flow- 

 ers. Empty glumes 2, somewhat shorter than the lemma, thin-membranous, 

 acute, keeled, shining. Lemma membranous, obscurely nerved, entire, some- 

 times short-awned just below the apex, shining; awn straight. Styles distinct; 

 stigmas plumose. 



Empty glumes nearly equal; inflorescence narrow. 



Sheaths and upper surface of the leai-es pubescent; spikelets 3-flo\vered. 



1. G. muiicum. 



Sheaths and leaves scabrous. 



Emptv glumes barelv equaUing the leninaa; spikelets 2-flowered; rudiment long- 

 hairy. " 2. G. ^vom. 



Empty glumes longer than the lemma; spikelets 3-4-flowered; rudmient short- 

 hairy. 3. G. Brandegei, 

 Empty glumes' imequal; inflorescence open. 4. G. Shearii. 



1. G. muticum (Bolander) Greene. Sti?m 4-8 dm. high; leaf-blades 1-4 

 dm. long, 3-6 mm. wide; inflorescence 1-2 dm. long; empty glumes G-7 mm. 

 long, acute, scabrous' on the back; lemma 5-6 mm. long, minutely scabrous; 

 awn very short, or almost none. Trisetum muticum Scribn. Meadows: Calif. 

 — Wash. — Mont. Subinoni -Suhalp, Je-Jl. 



2. G. Wolfii Vasev. Stem erect from a decumbent base; leaf-blades 5-15 

 cm. long, 1.5-3 mm. wide; panicle 5-10 cm. long, with few branches; empty glumes 

 4-5 mm. long, slightly shorter than the lemma, acuminate: lemma 2-toothed at 

 the apex; a\\Ti about 1 mm. long. Momitain meadows: Colo. Suhalp, 



3. G. Brandegei (Scribn.) R^'db. Stem 3-6 dm. high, smooth; leaf-blades 

 1-2 dm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, scabrous on both sides; panicle 1-2 dm. long, more 

 or less interrupted; empty glumes scabrous on the keel, 6-7 mm. long; lemma 

 5-6 mm. long, obtusely 2-lobed; awn borne below the apex, often obsolete. Wet 

 meadows: Mont.— Colo.— CaUf. — Wash. Siibmont. — MoriL Je-Au. 



4. G. Shearii (Scribn.) Rydb. Stem 5-7 dm. high, minutely pubescent at 

 the nodes; leaf-blades 1-1.5 dm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, minutely scabrous below, 

 smooth above; panicle 1-2 dm. long; spikelets usually 2-flowered; empty glumes 

 acute; the first 3 mm. long, 1-nerved, lance-subulate, the second 4 mm. long; 

 lemma about 4 mm. loner, slightly 2-cleft at the apex; awn straight, 1-3 mm. 

 long Trisetum argenteum Scribn. T. Shearii Scribn. Among rocks: Colo. 



Mont. Au. 



36. AVENA (Tourn.) L. Oats. 



Annuals or perennials. Inflorescence a contracted or open panicle. Spike- 

 lets usually large, erect or pendulous, usually 2-several-flowered, rarely l-flowered, 

 the rachilla articulated between the flowers, the lower flowers perfect, the upper 

 ones often staminate or wanting. Empty glumes 2, membranous, exceeding or 

 shorter than the lemma, persistent. Lemma 5-9-nerved, rounded on the_ back, 

 the apex frequently shortly 2-toothed, bearing a dorsal twisted and geniculate 

 awm, the upper emptv ones or those enclosing staminate flowers a^^-Illes3. Fa let 

 2-cleft or 2-toothed, narrow. Styles distinct. Gram deeply furrowed, usually 

 pubescent. 



Perennials with rootstocks: empty glimies 5-12 mm. long: lemma hairy at the base 



jr^reiiiudis, rtiLii i'^'^,'-=^»-^^_ ^, „., *:.' 4i r^-,^^y^<^ ' »-tnnii-Tp Iftv narrow, and somewhat noddj 



din; 



plant not tufted. 



